The averaged switch modeling technique unifies the modeling of PWM and resonant dc-dc converters, low-harmonic rectifiers, and inverters in a simple manner. This technique is briefly reviewed, and recent results in modeling current-programmed dc-dc converters, integrated single-phase low-harmonic rectifier-regulators, and single-switch three-phase lowharmonic rectifiers are described. A circuit...

This paper focuses on the study of DC-to-DC converters, which are suitable for low-voltage high-power applications. The output voltages generated by renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic arrays and fuel cell stacks are generally low and required to be increased to high voltage levels. Development of DC-to-DC converters, which provide high step-up voltage conversion ratios with high effi...

The challenge for distributed power supply engineers is to design a fast switching DC-DC converter with improved transient response, while still maintaining or increasing efficiency. This has to be achieved in the tight thermal envelope required for reliable system operation and at minimal cost. This paper discusses the use of 20V MOSFETs or the economical design of high efficiency DC-DC conver...

Automated Test Equipment (ATE) historically has been built with a centralized power architecture. Silver boxes provided a limited number of standardized voltage supplies, which were then routed to individual test cards. This arrangement was effective and convenient, as instrument card circuits did not require significant power levels: most voltages were linearly regulated from the closest avail...

Lightning protection for power supply of electronic equipment is an important problem of low-voltage lightning protection systems. In this paper, lightning characteristics of electronic equipment’s power supply are studied. Firstly impulse generator is developed. Then lightning characteristics tests for different powersupply, such as switch model power supply, are done. Test results show: diffe...

DC-DC power converters with multiple inputs and a single output are used in numerous applications where multiple sources, e.g., two or more renewable energy sources and/or a battery, feed a single load. In this work a classical boost converter topology with two input branches connected to two different sources is chosen, with each branch independently being controlled by a separate peak current...

This study proposes and implements maximum power Point Tracking (MPPT) control on thermoelectric generation system using an extremum seeking control (ESC) algorithm. The MPPT is applied to guarantee maximum power extraction from the TEG system. The work has been carried out through modelling of thermoelectric generator/dc-dc converter system using Matlab/Simulink. The effectiveness of ESC techn...

Linear-assisted DC/DC converters are structures that allow to take advantages of the two classic alternatives in the design of power supply systems: Voltage linear regulators (classic NPN topology or LDO –low dropout–) and switching DC/DC converters. This paper shows the proposal of a modified currentmode one-cycle control for linear-assisted DC/DC converters. The modified current-mode one-cycl...

This paper describes the modeling and control of a three-phase grid-connected converter fed by a photovoltaic array. The converter is composed of an isolated DC-DC converter and a three-phase DC-AC voltage source inverter The converters are modeled in order to obtain small-signal transfer functions that are used in the design of three closed-loop controllers: for the output voltage of the PV ar...

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1 -hydroxylase (25(OH)D3-1 -hydroxylase), the key enzyme of 1 ,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) production, is expressed in monocyte-derived macrophages (MACs). Here we show for the first time constitutive expression of 25(OH)D3-1 -hydroxylase in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs), which was increased after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Accordingly, DCs...