Sea surface currents and circulation patterns can be estimated globally and in a continuous manner using satellite radar altimeters. This study is concerned with the surface current circulation pattern in the South China Sea. The main data utilized are the tidal amplitudes from co-tidal charts, the sea level anomaly and the wind speed from the Jason-1 satellite altimetry data. Algorithms used t...

The early-to-mid Pliocene (3–5.3 Ma) is the most recent geologic period of significant global warmth. Proxy records of Pliocene sea surface temperature (SST) indicate significant and still unexplained warm anomalies of 3∘C–9∘C in midlatitude eastern boundary currents, where present-day cool temperatures are maintained by wind-driven upwelling. Here we quantify the effect of large-scale Pliocene...

It is widely thought that changes in both the surface buoyancy fluxes and wind stress drive variability in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), but that they drive variability on different time scales. For example, wind forcing dominates short-term variability through its effects on Ekman currents and coastal upwelling, whereas buoyancy forcing is important for longer time sc...

The Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft was initially placed into a high eccentricity, nearly polar orbit about Mars with a 45-hour period. To accomplish the science objectives of the mission, a 2-hour, circular orbit was required. Using a method known as aerobraking, numerous passes through the upper atmosphere slowed the spacecraft, thereby reducing the orbital period and eccentricity. To success...

Three-dimensional numerical simulations of freely evolving stratified geostrophic turbulence on the plane are presented as a simplified model of zonal jet formation on Jupiter. This study samples the parameter space that covers the low, middle, and high latitudes of Jupiter by varying the central latitude of the plane. The results show that robust zonal jets can emerge from initial small-scale ...

The impact of mountains and ice sheets on the large-scale circulation of the world’s oceans is investigated in a series of simulations with a new coupled ocean–atmosphere model [Oregon State University–University of Victoria model (OSUVic)], in which the height of orography is scaled from 1.5 times the actual height (at T42 resolution) to 0 (no mountains). The results suggest that the effects o...

[1] This study shows that the surface buoyancy conditions in the Northern Hemisphere may influence the stratification and transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). We use a course-resolution ocean general circulation model (OGCM) in an idealized single-basin configuration with a circumpolar channel. A decrease in the magnitude of the surface temperature meridional gradient in the No...

A comparatively unbiased set of wind statistics at jet-stream level from Japan eastward to the 180th meridian may be obtained from the United States Navy constant level balloon (transosonde) flights launched from Japan in 1957-59. Wind speeds so derived are presented as a function of time of year and longitude at pressure surfaces of 300 and 250 mb. At these longitudes and heights the average s...

We present the study of mesospheric winds in 78–98 km height range using observations by a partial reflection radar station (MF–radar) situated at Kolhapur (16.8° N, 74.2° E), India. The sequential wind profiles over period 2014–2019 obtained from this operated 1.98 MHz are used for study. To delineate behaviour mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, we use data providing horizontal ve...