The pressure required to overcome resistance at the oesophagogastric junction was measured at operaaon in fifteen subjects and found to be 20 cm H,O from both oesophageal and gastric aspects. Altering the angle of entry of the oesophagus to the stomach by fundal depression or occlusion did not affect these pressures, in contradistinction to the results in the cadaver (Marchand, 1955). Dividing ...

BACKGROUND The relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and dietary intake is unknown among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between consumption of selected food groups (dairy, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and meat) and CVD risk factors in individuals with chronic SCI. METHODS A cross-sectional substudy of indivi...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with catecholamine levels (epinephrine [E] and norepinephrine [NE]-indicators of sympathetic nervous system [SNS] activity) in a community-based sample of men and women, Blacks and Whites, with a broad range of income; and to test whether such a relationship is mediated by psychosocial factors and/or health behaviors. MET...

This study's objective was assessment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor knowledge in young adults, its association with 10-year changes in risk factor levels, and variables related to risk factor knowledge. A total of 4,193 healthy persons (55% female, 48% Black; mean age=30 years) from four urban US communities were queried about risk factor knowledge in 1990-1991 and were reexamined...

AIM The risk factors mostly strongly associated with gastric cancer are gastric bacteria Helicobacter pylori and diet. Using a case-control study among residents in Jinan, we examined the association between the salt taste and gastric cancer according to H. pylori infection, smoking and histological type as well as tumor site. METHODS This population-based case-control study included 207 case...

Gastric cancer (GC) is the sixth most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide (Ferlay et al., 2010). The highest incidence rates are noted in Japan, Eastern Asia, Andean regions of South America and Eastern Europe, whereas the lowest are observed in North and East Africa, Northern Europe and North America (Ferlay et al., 2010). Incidence rates for GC...

We describe a technique for measuring the yield pressure at the cardia during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The test was applied to 47 patients with macroscopic oesophagitis and nine patients with achalasia. Controls were 123 patients from the routine endoscopy list in whom no abnormality was found and 21 healthy volunteers. Yield pressure was similar in both control groups, but was signifi...

BACKGROUND The incidence of gastric cancer in the Northern city, Hanoi is higher than in the Southern city, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. We previously reported that Helicobacter pylori vacA m1 genotype might be responsible for the difference between the two cities, however, the study only included non-cancer patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the non-cardia gastric cancer characteristic...

BACKGROUND Recent reports suggest that the incidences of cardia and gastroesophageal junction carcinomas have increased markedly. The influence of improvements in cancer site classification (i.e., from no specific site to a specific site) on these incidence rates is unknown. METHODS We analyzed data for all gastric cancers reported to the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology...

Most tests of association between DNA sequence variation and quantitative phenotypes in samples of randomly chosen individuals rely on specification of genotypic strata followed by comparison of phenotypes across these strata. This strategy often succeeds when phenotypic differences are caused by one or two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the surveyed markers. However, when multipl...