sowing date and irrigation are two constrain factors for maize production. these factors can be simulated by using ceres-maize model. for this purpose two experiments (each one at two years) were carried out at agricultural research station of gorgan which is golestan province capital. the model was calibrated using three treatments of optimum irrigation and without stress in 2012 and two treat...

the greatest limitations to agricultural development and production in iran are scarcity of water resources, ineffective irrigation scheduling and wasteful water usage. avenues discussed for optimum water use include improving water productivity by improving irrigation scheduling, farm water management and water profitability. the present study evaluated current water use and ways to improve wi...

introduction water consumption improvement in agriculture is very important compare with other sections. because of existing complexity in production and exploitation processes and optimized application of irrigation water and nitrogen especially in dry and semi-dry areas facing with water constraint is an important goal in this field. yield gap analysis can help to identify how much yield incr...

the objective of the present study was to estimate genetic trends for lactation milk yield, persistency of milk yield, somatic cell count and interval between first and second calving in holstein dairy cows of iran. the dataset consisted of 210,625 test day and 25,883 first parity cows with milk yield recorded from july 2002 to september 2007 comprising 97 herds in iran. breeding values of anim...

AIM To efficiently replicate the biology and pathogenesis of human esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) using the modified Levrat model of end-to-side esophagojejunostomy. METHODS End-to-side esophagojejunostomy was performed on rats to induce gastroduodenoesophageal reflux to develop EAC. Animals were randomly selected and serially euthanized at 10 (n = 6), 17 (n = 8), 24 (n = 9), 31 (n = 6), 38 ...

The THORPEX goal of improving weather forecasts from one day to two weeks suggests the combination of multi-model and multi-initial-condition ensembles of simulations into a probabilistic forecast of some kind. This contribution presents a simple methodology for combining forecasts (be they high resolution or ensemble forecasts) into a predictive distribution function of a chosen target variabl...

Parties in pluralist democracies face numerous political issues that citizens may be split on, but most models of party competition assume a simple, often one-dimensional structure. We develop a new, inherently multidimensional model of party strategy in which parties compete by emphasizing policy issues. Issue emphasis is determined by two distinct goals: mobilizing the party’s core voters and...

As wafer sizes increase, the clustering phenomenon of defects increases. Clustered defects cause the conventional Poisson yield model underestimate actual wafer yield, as defects are no longer uniformly distributed over a wafer. Although some yield models, such as negative binomial or compound Poisson models, consider the effects of defect clustering on yield prediction, these models have some ...

We use multi-arm star polymers as model soft colloids with tuneable interactions and explore their behaviour in the glassy state. In particular, we perform a systematic rheological study with a well-defined protocol and address aspects of ageing and shear melting of star glasses. Ageing proceeds in two distinct steps: a fast step of O(10(3) s) and a slow step of O(10(4) s). We focus on creep an...

abstract use of empirical competition models is one of approaches in integrated weed management strategies. in order to investigation of this approach in simulation of yield loss of bean (phaseolus vulgari. l.) caused by jimson weed (datura stramonium l.) interference, an experiment was conducted in national bean research station, in khomein, in 2007. the experiment design was randomized comple...