Exposure to elevated concentrations of surface ozone (O3) causes substantial reductions in the agricultural yields of many crops. As emissions of O3 precursors rise in many parts of the world over the next few decades, yield reductions from O3 exposure appear likely to increase the challenges of feeding a global population projected to grow from 6 to 9 billion between 2000 and 2050. This study ...

The aim of the paper is to address the issue of operational improvements in manufacturing firms, especially when yield losses result in a significant increase of the production cost. In a multistage production environment the firm must decide which production stage(s) should receive more “attention” in order to minimize the overall cost incurred from yield losses. Yield variability is a factor ...

PURPOSE Processing of information through the cellular layers of the retina occurs in a serial manner. In the electroretinogram (ERG), this complicates interpretation of inner retinal changes as dysfunction may arise from "upstream" neurons or may indicate a direct loss to that neural generator. We propose an approach that addresses this issue by defining ERG gain relationships. METHODS Regre...

In this study, we estimate yield losses and economic damage of two major crops (winter wheat and rabi rice) due to surface ozone (O3) exposure using hourly O3 concentrations for the period 2002-2007 in India. This study estimates crop yield losses according to two indices of O3 exposure: 7-h seasonal daytime (0900-1600 hours) mean measured O3 concentration (M7) and AOT40 (accumulation exposure ...

Three field experiments were established in 1987 to determine the reaction of five cotton cultivars to infection by Hoplolaimus columbus and the efficacy of selected nematicides against this nematode. At two sites in Calhoun County, South Carolina, early season plant growth and subsequent yields were greater in plots treated with aldicarb, fenamiphos, and 1,3-dichloropropene. Hoplolaimus columb...

Spatial variation in landscape and soil properties combined with temporal variations in weather can result in yield patterns that change annually within a field. The complexity of interactions between a number of yield-limiting factors makes it difficult to accurately attribute yield losses to conditions that occur within a field. In this research, a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model...

to study the effects of irrigation interval and nitrogen level on yield and yield components of fenugreek medicinal plant, an experiment in split plot arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications conducted at the azad university of birjand in 2009. treatments included; irrigation intervals (4, 8 and 12 day) as main plot and nitrogen fertilizer (none fertilizer, 50, 100 a...

The critical period for weed control (CPWC) is the period in the crop growth cycle during which weeds must be controlled to prevent unacceptable yield losses. Field studies were conducted in 2005 and 2006 in the University of Birjand at the south east of Iran to determine CPWC of corn using a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of ...