background in spite of vaccination, outbreaks of measles occur in many countries, and measles remains the most frequent cause of death among vaccine preventable diseases. objectives to compare anti-measles antibody titer between revaccinated and non-revaccinated medical students 2 years after the national mr (measles, rubella) vaccination program, which was implemented in 2002-2003 for individu...

background : the aim of the present study was to assess the auditory working memory span of children with (central) auditory processing disorders (c) apd aged 8 to 10 years and to compare the results with normal ones. methods: twenty five children with (central) auditory processing disorders (8-10 years) and 75 normal children (8-10 years) from both genders participated in this comparative stud...

Laryngeal cancer is a disease of old age and the most common age of presentation is 6Th. 7Th decade of life. This disease is more common in men, but male to female ratio has been decreased from 15:1 to 4:1 during the last forty years. The most common risk factors are cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. This cross – sectional study carried out to determine the age of laryngeal cancer from...

groundwater is one of the common resources in varamin plain, but due to over extraction it has been exposed to ruin. this phenomenon will lead to economic and environmental problems. on the other hand, the world is expected to face with more stochastic events of water supply. furthermore, incorporating stochastic consideration of water supply becomes more acute in designing water facilities. th...

Introduction: To assess the salivary composition of proteins and minerals in smokers compared with non-smokers.   Materials and Methods: In this study we compared the total protein and Ca, Na, K, Mg, Pb of whole saliva in two groups of men (28 smokers and 31nonsmokers) aged between 29-41years.   Results: Fifty-nine participants were evaluated. The mean age was 33.14±5.32 years among smo...

Respiratory symptoms and function were examined in a random sample of 181 farmers (124 pig farmers and 57 dairy farmers) with a mean age of 43 years. Wheezing and shortness of breath during work in the animal house were significantly associated with pig farming (odds ratio 11.4), current smoking (odds ratio 2.2), bronchial hyperreactivity (odds ratio 3.8), and low FEV1 (odds ratio 3.4). Pig far...

OBJECTIVE To study the awareness of 'Informed Consent', among patients presenting to Family Physicians. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Community Health Centre, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi in July 2002. Written Consent was taken and confidentially was assured RESULTS Out of the 100 patients interviewed, 80 agreed to participate in the study, forty-four men an...

A 65 year old male retired farmer presented with an inability to fully straighten the ring finger and little finger of his right hand. This had progressed over the past two years and he had recently noticed a “rope like” swelling in his palm. He had no history of trauma and no medical history of note, except that he had smoked until 10 years earlier and had a 90 pack year history. His father ha...