1. The horizontal component of eyestalk movements elicited by moving the legs of blinded crabs is described. 2. The animals' bodies were fixed to a stand and the legs were supported on either a sphere or platform and subjected to movement around the three major axes (yaw, pitch, and roll). Both sinusoidal and stepped movements of the legs were studied. 3. The effect of moving the legs on one si...

Thresholds and biases of human motion perception were determined for yaw rotation and sway (left-right) and surge (fore-aft) translation, independently and in combination. Stimuli were 1 Hz sinusoid in acceleration with a peak velocity of 14°/s or cm/s. Test stimuli were adjusted based on prior responses, whereas the distracting stimulus was constant. Seventeen human subjects between the ages o...

47 Earlier spatial orientation studies used both motion-detection (e.g., did I move?) and direction48 recognition paradigms (e.g., did I move left/right?). The purpose of our study was to compare 49 thresholds measured using motion-detection and direction-recognition tasks on a standard Moog 50 motion platform to see if a substantial fraction of the reported threshold variation might be 51 expl...

This paper addresses the observability properties of a 3D autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) model in the presence of ocean currents, under the assumption that the vehicle can only measure its distance to a fixed transponder using an acoustic ranging device. In the set-up adopted, the AUV may undergo a wide range of maneuvers that are usually described as trimming trajectories. The latter are ...

This paper presents the results of three-dimensional and time-accurate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the flow field around the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Phase VI horizontal axis wind turbine rotor. The 3-D, unsteady, parallel, finite volume flow solver, PUMA2, is used for the simulations. The solutions are obtained using unstructured moving grids rotating w...

Instability of vehicle can be defined as an unexpected response maneuver that induces disturbance, occurring in the ground plane. This include longitudinal, lateral, pitch, yaw, roll direction, or their combinations. Many tractor semitrailer accidents caused by lateral instabilities which may classified into two types: rollover and yaw instability. Rollover occurs when centrifugal forces impose...

The navigation of pedestrians based on inertial sensors, i.e., accelerometers and gyroscopes, has experienced a great growth over the last years. However, the noise of medium- and low-cost sensors causes a high error in the orientation estimation, particularly in the yaw angle. This error, called drift, is due to the bias of the z-axis gyroscope and other slow changing errors, such as temperatu...

In artificial laboratory situations where subjects undergo repetitive self-generated or externally imposed head rotations, visual-vestibular interaction during the wearing of telescopic spectacles can markedly augment gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The present study was conducted to determine whether the wearing of these aids for the visually impaired is associated with similar visu...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess rotational patterns of dentofacial structures according to different vertical skeletal patterns by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and analyze their influence on menton deviation in skeletal Class III deformity with mandibular asymmetry. METHODS The control group consisted of 30 young adults (15 men, 15 women) without any severe skeletal ...