In the present investigation, Bambusa bambos was used for optimization of enzymatic pretreatment and saccharification. Maximum enzymatic delignification achieved was 84%, after 8 h of incubation time. Highest reducing sugar yield from enzyme-pretreated Bambusa bambos was 818.01 mg/g dry substrate after 8 h of incubation time at a low cellulase loading (endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, exoglucanase...

The surface and optical properties of black chrome films prepared by two different electrochemical baths were characterized. The black chrome films have been deposited on bright nickel substrates by electroplating technique. The surface morphology and phase structure of the films were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The chemica...

Nanocrystalline Se0.8Te0.2 films were grown on quartz substrates by using thermal evaporation technique. Structural and optical properties of as-grown and annealed samples were investigated with XRD, SEM and UV-visible spectroscopy. The x-ray diffraction pattern at room temperature shows that the sample are formed in single phase with monoclinic crystal symmetry having space group Cm. Surface m...

A novel, efficient, and direct blend of solvents, tetrabutylammonium acetate/dimethyl sulfoxide (TBAA/DMSO), was used for the dissolution and regeneration of bamboo pulp. Regenerated fibers were successfully prepared by a wet spinning process. The bamboo pulp without any pretreatment was readily soluble in the solvent under mild conditions. The dissolution process was observed using a confocal ...

Nanohybrids of graphene with water soluble polymer were synthesized using 'grafting from' method. GO, prepared by modified Hummers' method, was first reacted with sodium azide. Alkyne-terminated RAFT-CTA was synthesized by reaction of propargyl alcohol and S-1-dodecyl-S'-(α,α'-dimethyl-α"-acetic acid) trithiocarbonate. RAFT-CTA was grafted onto the GO sheets by facile click-reaction and subsequ...

The photocatalysis of phenol was studied using Fe3O4/ZnO core/shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The photocatalysts were synthesized by coating of ZnO onto the magnetite by precipitation method and characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR measurements. Using the Taguchi method, this study analyzes the effect of parameters such as calcinations time, calcinations temperature and molar ratio of Fe3O4:...

In this letter, we report on the obtention of hafnium oxide (HfO2) nanostructures by the microwavehydrothermal method. These nanostructures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission gum scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDXS), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) m...

The surface morphology and crystal structure change of dental zirconia after hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching were evaluated. Four groups of sintered zirconia specimens were 1) control group, 2) immersion in 9.5%HF at 25°C for 1, 2, 3, or 24 h, 3) immersion in 9.5%HF at 80°C for 1, 3, 5, or 30 min and 4) immersion in 48%HF at 25°C for 30 or 60 min. The specimens were evaluated under SEM and XRD. ...

Flower-like ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a facile wet chemical method. Structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of these nanostructures have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. SEM and TEM studies revealed flower-like structures consistin...

Within the past decade Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) has experienced wide acceptance in metallurgical and geological labs. It is a Kikuchi diffraction device based on the SEM that enables individual grain orientations, local texture, point-to-point orientation correlations, and phases to be determined routinely at a sub-grain size level on the surfaces of bulk polycrystals while explo...