From a comparison of the effects of seven growth retardants and abscisic acid (ABA) on various growth systems, it was found that the gibberellin-regulated growth of lettuce hypocotyls was uniquely inhibited by the growth retardant, alpha-cyclopropyl-alpha-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidine methanol (EL-531). Auxin-regulated growth of coleoptile sections was inhibited by Phosfon and only slightly by...

Salicylic acid (SA) inhibited germination of cocklebur (Xanthium pennsylvanicum Wlr), lower seeds, which are completely after-ripened and nondormant. SA also inhibited ethylene production during a pre-germination period of the seeds. Exogenous ethylene overcame the inhibtion of the seed germination by SA. Moreover, SA reduced respiration in pre-germinating whole seeds as well as excised axial...

Xanthium strumarium L. widely used in traditional as well as folk medicinal systems is locally known as Gokhru and in unani as Kutta Jhad. In Amravati district (Maharashtra), it was found that the whole plants as well as leaves are used by hakims as blood purifier and in scabies. Here pharmacognostic studies are made regarding whole plant and also only leaves. For standardization of drug materi...

A mathematical model is presented to simulate the growth of a plant leaf. The tissue in the leaf has been regarded as a viscous, incompressible fluid whose 2D expansion comes from the non-zero specific growth rate in area. The resulting system of equations are composed of the modified Navier-Stokes equations. The level set method is used to capture the expanding leaf front. Numerical simulation...

Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) of food has the potential to drastically impact both culinary professionals and laypeople; the technology will fundamentally change the ways we produce and experience food. Several imposing barriers to food-SFF have been overcome by recent opensource printing projects. Now, materials issues present the greatest challenge. While the culinary field of molecular ga...

BACKGROUND Xanthium stramarium (XAS) and Psoralea corylifolia (PSC), phototoxic oriental medicinal plants, has been used in traditional medicines in Asian countries. OBJECTIVE The effects of highly purified XAS or PSC extract combined with ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) irradiation on cell proliferation and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) expression of the keloid fibroblast were being invest...

A mathematical model is presented to simulate the growth of a plant leaf. The tissue in the leaf has been regarded as a viscous, incompressible fluid whose 2D expansion comes from the non-zero specific growth rate in area. The resulting system of equations are composed of the modified Navier-Stokes equations. The level set method is used to capture the expanding leaf front. Numerical simulation...