Thin films bonded to compliant substrates often develop wrinkles when subjected to an applied or inherent compressive stress. This paper presents a bilayer model to account for surface effects on the wrinkling of ultrathin solid films. Assuming a surface layer of finite thickness, effects of surface properties on the critical strain, the equilibrium wavelength, and the wrinkle amplitude are dis...

In recent years asymmetric cross section aluminum alloy stock has been finding increasing use in various industrial manufacturing areas such as general structures and automotive components. In these areas, components are generally required to have complex curved configuration and, as such, a bending process is required during manufacture. Undesirable deformation in bending processes such as fla...

The article describes results of laser treatment applied in seven patients (eleven eyes) due to capsulorhexis margin shrinkage and the subsequent wrinkling anterior capsule eyes with pseudophakia. Almost total loss aperture caused a significant decrease visual acuity, level counting fingers right front three (four eyes). cut using Nd-Yag led an immediate increase size each case. Visual acuity i...

This research paper studies the fracture and mechanical properties of rippled graphene containing dislocation dipoles. The atomistic simulation is performed to study deformation behavior pristine defective wrinkled graphene. Graphene wrinkling considerably decreases ultimate tensile strength with without defects but increases strain. For dipoles, temperature increase slightly affects properties...

Large ellipsoid parts are prone to wrinkle when forming by using traditional stamping. Aiming solve the wrinkling problem in large parts, EMIF method with a variable blank holder is proposed this paper. The numerical simulation has shown that sheet material near is, as consequence of stamping, subjected circumferential compressive stress. When drawing height was 100 mm, metal notably wrinkled. ...

Local wrinkles are widely observed in film–substrate systems both in nature and in engineering. In this paper, we investigate the surface wrinkling of a film–substrate structure subjected to local prestretch in a circular region. Hankel transform is used to unravel the interface condition between the stiff film and the compliant substrate. The critical prestrain and the corresponding wrinkling ...

Wrinkling was seen in 191 (95.5%) of cases. Most of the wrinkling was in the form of glyphic wrinkles on sun-exposed areas viz. face, neck, forearms and dorsa of hands. Generalized pruritus was present in 37 patients (18.5%) and psoriasis in 25 (12.5%). Fungal infection was the most common infection (70, 35%), followed by viral infections (10, 5%), pyodermas (4, 2%) and leprosy (3, 1.5%). Macul...