Obesity is an inflammatory state associated with delayed lactogenesis stage II and altered mammary gland morphology. Serotonin mediates inflammation and mammary gland involution. The objective of this study was to determine if a genetic deficiency of tryptophan hydroxylase 1, the rate-limiting enzyme in peripheral serotonin synthesis, would result in an improved ability to lactate in dams fed a...

This paper assesses the economic benefits of 57 World Bank Group-sponsored hydropower dam plant investments. Hydropower dams are among main sources for producing electricity and largest renewable source power generation throughout world. often a lower-cost option in Clean Energy Transition addressing global climate change. Despite its conspicuous aspects, constructing has been controversial. Co...

We evaluated the effect of a high-protein diet (HP) on pregnancy, lactational and rearing success in mice. At the time of mating, females were randomly assigned to isoenergetic diets with HP (40% w/w) or control protein levels (C; 20%). After parturition, half of the dams were fed the other diet throughout lactation resulting in four dietary groups: CC (C diet during gestation and lactation), C...

optimization techniques can be efficiently utilized to achieve an optimal shape for arch dams. this optimal design can consider the conditions of the economy and safety simultaneously. the main aim is to present an applicable and practical model and suggest an algorithm for optimization of concrete arch dams to enhance their seismic performance. to achieve this purpose, a preliminary optimizati...

the aim of this study was to assess skin colonization by malassezia species in full-term healthy newborn calves and their dams. two hundred samples from the skins and ears of 50 neonatal calves and their dams were examined on two occasions, first and fourth weeks after birth. all of the samples were determined by cytological examination and fungal culture. the isolated yeasts were identified fo...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Changes in nutritional status during gestation and lactation have detrimental effects on offspring metabolism. Several animal studies have shown that maternal high-fat diet (HFD) can predispose the offspring to development of obesity and metabolic diseases, however the mechanisms underlying these transgenerational effects are poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the e...

Maternal obesity accentuates offspring obesity in dams bred to develop diet-induced obesity (DIO) on a 31% fat, high-sucrose, high-energy (HE) diet but has no effect on offspring of diet-resistant (DR) dams. Also, only DIO dams become obese when they and DR dams are fed HE diet throughout gestation and lactation. We assessed glucose and oleic acid (OA) sensitivity of dissociated ventromedial hy...

It is known that the early environment affects the mental development of rodent and human offspring. However, it is not known specifically whether a postpartum depressive state influences the depressive state in offspring. Using learned helplessness (LH) in rats as an animal model of depression, we examined the influence of maternal postpartum LH on responses to the LH test of offspring. Dam ra...

Objective(s): The effect of litter size and suckling intensity on the expression of KiSS-1 mRNA in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of rats were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Thirty two pregnant and four non-lactating ovariectomized (as control group) rats were used in this experiment. Lactating rats were allotted to eight equal groups. In three groups, litter size was adjusted to 5, 10, or 15 pup...