[1] Using a combination of hydrographic, tide-gauge, near-bottom mooring, and satellite observations; and a numerical circulation model, we investigate the coastal upwelling in the northeastern South China Sea (NSCS) off the coast of Fujian and Guangdong Provinces, China, in the summer of 2000. Subsurface upwelling phenomenon exists mainly near the bottom boundary in the whole region investigat...

Mexico City lies in a high altitude basin where air quality and pollutant fate is strongly influenced by local winds. The combination of high terrain with weak synoptic forcing leads to weak and variable winds with complex circulation patterns. A gap wind entering the basin in the afternoon leads to very different wind convergence lines over the city depending on the meteorological conditions. ...

abstract soil temperature is one of the key parameters affecting most hydrologic and agricultural processes. therefore, its measurement and prediction is very crucial. so far, the statistical regression methods have been used for estimation of soil temperature for specific location encountering with lack or shortage of data. in this work, soil temperature data are estimated at six different dep...

Notre Dame and St. Mary's stu~dents will not have to make up class days missed as a result of the blizzard which began last Wednesday night and crippled much of the midwest. The announcement came yesterday as a joint decision from Fr. Ferdinand Brown, acting provost at Notre Dame, and Dr. James Duggan, St. Mary's president. Notre Dame announced yesterday that classes will resumf' today. St. Mar...

The top of the world may look pristine, but the Arctic environment and its inhabitants contain surprisingly high levels of heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants such as pesticides, and nuclear radiation. Although the Arctic has few significant pollution sources, the contaminants are swept northward on ocean currents and winds from industrial regions. Once contaminants arrive, low temperat...

Algae blooms are an increasingly recurrent phenomenon of potentially socio-economic impact in coastal waters globally and in the coastal upwelling region off northern Baja California, Mexico. In coastal upwelling areas the diurnal wind pattern is directed towards the coast during the day. We regularly found positive Near Surface Temperature Stratification (NSTS), the resulting density stratific...

To quantify the effects of recent and potential future decreases in surface wind speeds on lake thermal stratification, we apply the one-dimensional process-based model MyLake to a large, shallow, polymictic lake, Võrtsjärv. The model is validated for a 3-year period and run separately for 28 years using long-term daily atmospheric forcing data from a nearby meteorological station. Model simula...

We analyze the wind direction signal for vertically ( ) and horizontally ( ) polarized microwave radiation at 37 GHz, 19 GHz, and 11 GHz and an Earth incidence angle of 53 . We use brightness temperatures from SSM/I and TMI and wind vectors from buoys and the QUIKSCAT scatterometer. The wind vectors are space and time collocated with the radiometer measurements. Water vapor, cloud water and sea...

At temperate latitudes the synoptic patterns of bird migration are strongly structured by the presence of cyclones and anticyclones, both in the horizontal and altitudinal dimensions. In certain synoptic conditions, birds may efficiently cross regions with opposing surface wind by choosing a higher flight altitude with more favourable wind. We observed migratory passerines at mid-latitudes that...