Particle acceleration is a prominent feature of the geomagnetic storm, which is the prime dynamic process in Geospace the near-Earth space environment. Magnetic storms have their origin in solar events, which are transient disturbances of the solar atmosphere and radiation that propagate as variations of the solar wind elds and particles through interplanetary space to the Earth's orbit. During...

The HRD real-time wind analysis system is currently undergoing evaluation in the operational forecasting environment of the National Hurricane Center. The system is an object-oriented, distributed, three-tiered client—server application that assimilates disparate observations and processes the data into a common framework for exposure, height and averaging time. The data are then examined colle...

[1] We apply the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model to simulate the Hurricane Ike storm surge using two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) formulations. The high resolution, unstructured grid extends over the Gulf of Mexico with open boundaries in the Straits of Florida and the Yucatan Channel. With the same wind and pressure forcing, the bottom drag coefficients for the baseline 2-D ...

[1] The long-duration positive ionospheric storm effect that occurred on 15 December 2006 is investigated using a combination of ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) total electron content (TEC), TOPEX and Jason-1 TEC, and topside ionosphere/ plasmasphere TEC, GPS radio occultation, and tiny ionospheric photometer (TIP) observations from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorolog...

In their paper ‘‘A multiscale numerical study of Hurricane Andrew (1992). Part I: Explicit simulation and verification,’’ Liu et al. (1997, hereafter referred to as LZY) present an impressive simulation of a mature tropical cyclone initialized with environmental data and operational model analyses obtained during Hurricane Andrew. The simulated tropical cyclone makes landfall near Palm Beach, F...

[1] Detailed simulations, comparisons with observations, and model sensitivity experiments are presented for the August 2011 tropical cyclone Irene and a March 2010 nor’easter that affected the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area. These storms brought strong winds, heavy rainfall, and the fourth and seventh highest gauged storm tides (total water level), respectively, at the Battery, NYC. To ...

dust storms are natural phenomena which occur in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. in this study, to evaluate the dust storms which occurred in mashhad over a period of 30 years (1981-2009), first, the number of days on which dust storms happened in mashhad (days with a wind speed greater than 15 m.s-1 and horizontal visibility less than 1000 m) were identified and counted for each month; ...

For the first time, global ocean usable wind power is evaluated for modern offshore turbine characteristics including hub height, usable portion of the wind speed distribution and siting depth. Mean wind power increases by 30%, 69% and 73% within the tropics and northern and southern hemisphere extratropics, respectively, between hub heights of 10 m and 100 m. A turbine with a cut-out speed of ...

[1] Three-dimensional multifluid simulations of the solar wind interaction with a magnetized Mars are used to determine both the effect of the crustal magnetic field on ionospheric loss rate and the ionospheric loss rate as a function of solar wind conditions. Ionospheric losses on the order of 10 O2 + ions per second are found for quiet solar wind conditions. This is of the same order as that ...