5 This paper describes the transformation of the CSU-CHILL National Radar Facility from 6 a single-frequency (S-band) dual-polarization Doppler weather radar system to a dual7 frequency (S and X band) dual-polarization Doppler system with coaxial beams. A brief 8 history regarding the development of dual-wavelength radars is first presented. In the past 9 dual-wavelength measurements were used ...

Introduction: Accidental hypothermia occurs very rarely. Japan experienced hypothermic victims in the 2011 earthquake and tsunami disaster. In northern Japan, where largest class of earthquakes tsunamis are estimated, study for countermeasures has been advanced. The progression varies significantly by individual differences environmental factors, it is considered to be challenging assess its da...

erosion by wind is one of the most important factors in desert environment. prevailing winds can shift sand dunes and affect their accumulation. also, wind regime determines the direction of sand dune mobility. the aim of this research was to investigate sand drift potential using sand movement models. for this research, wind data between 1986 and 2005 from the meteorological station of yazd we...

-Electricity plays an important role in human civilization. Every aspect of human life and its well being depends on the energy conversion into electricity and utilize it for optimal performance in all kinds of industries. Wind energy is one such important energy being used in the world for producing electricity. However, wind speed is not predictable and thus the wind energy conversion is not ...

We studied the arboreal composition of the tropical mountain rainforest's upper canopy in the San Martín Pajapán volcano, Tatahuicapan, Veracruz, México (18 degrees 26' N; 94 degrees 17' W). Two forest stands were studied, one in an exposed position and one protected. The Shannon index of diversity and the Jaccard index of affinity were calculated to calculate affinities between plots and betwe...

BACKGROUND Every year, West Africa is afflicted with Meningococcal Meningitis (MCM) disease outbreaks. Although the seasonal and spatial patterns of disease cases have been shown to be linked to climate, the mechanisms responsible for these patterns are still not well identified. RESULTS A statistical analysis of annual incidence of MCM and climatic variables has been performed to highlight t...

This study explores approaches for wind erosion risk assessment utilising available time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and climate products. We present a simple index and a ruleset based approach to identify wind erosion risk areas across Australian using time-series of ground cover, soil moisture and wind speed. These approaches and data sets were implemented in ...

The role of intraseasonal variability in the tropics in exciting El Niño is investigated. The most important component is the zonal wind in the equatorial wave guide, 5◦S–5◦N, in the west and central Pacific, 130◦E–160◦W. This is correlated to the MJO, but there are components that are independent. We subtract the influence of ENSO on the indices of intraseasonal variability as well as from the...

Navigating copyright issues can be frustrating to the point of causing anxiety, potentially discouraging or inhibiting legitimate uses copyright-protected materials. A lack data about extent and impact these phenomena, known as anxiety chill, respectively, motivated authors create Copyright Anxiety Scale (CAS). This article provides an overview CAS’s development validity testing. Results initia...