The fourth orbit of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) reached heliocentric distances down to 27.9 R ? , allowing solar wind turbulence and acceleration mechanisms be studied in situ closer the Sun than previously possible. properties were found significantly different inbound outbound portions PSP’s encounter, which was likely due proximity heliospheric current sheet (HCS) period. Near HCS, streamer bel...

To improve the interaction of people with virtually generated environments we need first to break the barriers that prevent the user from getting an experience as close to reality as possible. The main problem is to give the user the sensation that his/her presence affects the virtual world and then to let the user perceive that the actions he/she takes on the real world can change the virtual ...

In February 2006, Swift caught a gamma-ray burst (GRB) in the act of turning into a supernova, and made the first ever direct observations of the break-out and early expansion of a supernova shock wave. GRB 060218 began with an exceptionally long burst of non-thermal gamma-rays, lasting over 2000s, as a jet erupted through the surface of the star. While this was in progress, an optically-thick ...

[1] The Princeton Ocean Model is used to study the circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) and its seasonal transition. Kuroshio enters (leaves) the SCS through the southern (northern) portion of the Luzon Strait. The annually averaged net volume flux through the Luzon Strait is 2 Sv into the SCS with seasonal reversals. The inflow season is from May to January with the maximum intrusion of Ku...

[1] The air sea interaction processes over the Indian Ocean are studied using the satellite data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite for two contrasting monsoon years, namely 2002 (deficit) and 2003 (normal). The moisture transport for the two contrasting years was also analyzed using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Linear correlation coefficient between the convective heating...

Abstract We investigate the role of small-scale dynamics in inducing large-scale transitions solar wind magnetic field by means dynamical system metrics based on instantaneous fractal dimensions. By looking at corresponding multiscale features, we observe a break average attractor dimension occurring crossover between inertial and kinetic/dissipative regime. Our analysis suggests that are induc...

The association of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with Type Ib/c supernovae implies that they explode into the winds of their Wolf-Rayet progenitor stars. Although the evolution of some GRB afterglows is consistent with expansion into a free wind, there is also good evidence for expansion into a constant density medium. The evidence includes the evolution of X-ray afterglows (when X-rays are belo...

Based on 1829 well-defined substorm onsets in the Northern Hemisphere, observed during a 2-year period by the FUV Imager on board the IMAGE spacecraft, a statistical study is performed. From the combination of solar wind parameter observations by ACE and magnetic field observations by the low altitude satellite CHAMP, the location of auroral breakups in response to solar illumination and solar ...

We consider the effect of Compton scattering by a Thomson-thick, low-temperature, plasma cloud surrounding the compact object in the binary system Cyg X-3 on its X-ray energy and power spectra. The presence of such a cloud was earlier inferred from the energy-independent orbital modulation of the X-ray flux and the lack of high frequencies in its power spectra. Here, we consider the effect of C...

The effect of a simple representation of the Hadley circulation on the propagation and nonlinear reflection of planetary-scale Rossby waves in the winter hemisphere is investigated numerically in a single-layer shallowwater model. In the first instance, waves are forced by a zonal wavenumber three topography centered in the extratropics. In the linear limit the location of the low-latitude crit...