We combine traction force data with Bayesian inversion to obtain an absolute estimate of the internal stress field of a cell monolayer. The method, Bayesian inversion stress microscopy, is validated using numerical simulations performed in a wide range of conditions. It is robust to changes in each ingredient of the underlying statistical model. Importantly, its accuracy does not depend on the ...

In this paper, we present an approach that extends isogeometric shape optimization from optimization of rectangular-like NURBS patches to the optimization of topologically complex geometries. We have successfully applied this approach in designing photonic crystals where complex geometries have been optimized to maximize the band gaps. Salient features of this approach include the following: 1)...

OBJECTIVE Research designs for parsing the mechanisms underlying tobacco withdrawal are scant. This study introduced a novel research design that simultaneously manipulated three tobacco withdrawal mechanisms: pharmacological (nicotine dissipation), sensorimotor (elimination of the smoking ritual), and expectancy (activation of beliefs regarding the effects of nicotine deprivation), permitting ...

Abstract: A novel reconfigurable patch antenna for frequency diversity is proposed by reconfiguring its geometry using tree rectangular tapes that are connected to the patch via six RF MEMS switches. So switching between the different frequency bands is achieved by using capacitive series RF-MEMS switches. The antenna was designed to operate at 2.6 GHz, 3.1 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5 GHz.

Reduced size microstrip antennas with different slot and patch shapes are investigated .The ground plane size is 20 X 20 mm and substrate thickness taken to be is 1.6mm which is about the size of atypical wireless card. Detailed simulation and experimental investigations are conducted to understand their behavior and optimize for miniaturized operation. It is shown that the shorting pin makes t...

This paper presents the study on a slot-etched rectangular patch antenna directly fed by the 50 Ω semi miniature A-type (SMA) co-axial connector for wireless systems. The dual frequency behaviour by etching the slots on plane patch surface is studied experimentally. The proposed patch antenna has also achieved 28% compactness with a gain of 9.74 dB. Other antenna parameters such as antenna inpu...

This article presents a new ultrawideband wide-angle scanning tightly coupled dipole array loaded with multilayer metallic strips. The strips, which is composed of several narrow strips different lengths, are used to equivalent the metal patch has specific shape. It can help achieve smoother impedance transform from free space. An circuit model (ECM) unit cell proposed analyze and design array....

This paper presents a compact antenna with co-planar waveguide (CPW) feed line for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The proposed consists of beveled radiating patch wide rectangular slit at its upper side and partial ground plane insertion symmetrically two-step tapers center sides, which provides operating bandwidth. is integrated narrow rectangular-shaped parasitic elements different length...

A Novel internal triple band folded planar antenna is introduced in this paper. By modifying the geometry and implementing the shorting pins onto two sides folded structure rectangular patch antenna. The size of the folded rectangular patch antenna can be successfully reduced to volume of 34 34 7 mm. An additional microstrip line of 2 8 mm is also incorporated with the proposed patch antenna in...