The reliability and use of the differentiated electrical impedance cardiogram (dZ/dt) in calculating systolic time intervals were assessed in 185 subjects under varying conditions. In the first phase, simultaneous recording of carotid pulse, dZ/dt, electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram (PCG) was obtained in 50 normal volunteers under controlled conditions. In the second phase dZ/dt, electrocard...

background & aim: aloe vera is used in the food and pharmaceutical as an aid to effective treatment. the purpose of this study is to improve growth, increase production of valuable metabolites and increase the sugars in aloe vera gel with low cost and high efficiency under water stress conditions. experimental: in this study, aloe vera potted in greenhouse conditions with four levels of zeo...

We address the inherent robustness properties of nonlinear systems controlled by suboptimal model predictive control (MPC), i.e., when a suboptimal solution of the (generally nonconvex) optimization problem, rather than an element of the optimal solution set, is used for the control. The suboptimal control law is then a set-valued map, and consequently, the closed-loop system is described by a ...

Let (X, T ) be a topologically transitive dynamical system. We show that if there is a subsystem (Y, T ) of (X, T ) such that (X×Y, T ×T ) is transitive, then (X, T ) is strongly chaotic in the sense of Li and Yorke. We then show that many of the known sufficient conditions in the literature, as well as a few new results, are corollaries of this statement. In fact the kind of chaotic behavior w...

It has been reported in the literature on strategic auditing that audit risk (the probability of audit failure) may increase when the auditor obtains information, whereas conditions for such cases have not been identified as yet. This paper provides simple models to analyze the general tendencies of exogenous parameters for such cases. The analysis shows that audit risk increases with more info...