mulches often use for weed control, hold soil moisture, decrease soil temperature, soil fertility, soil conservation, soil against rain and soil quality in organic farming. a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different wheat residue and sunflower densities on sunflower growth and yield during 2007 growing season at the research field of birjand university. the experimenta...

We investigated the suitability of 11 diets as culture media for the psocids Lepinotus reticulatus Enderlein (Psocoptera: Trogiidae) and Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). The culture media comprised six diets made of plain cereals, namely, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), milo Sorghum bicolor (L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oats (Avena sativa L...

The mechanistic understanding of the dynamic processes linking nutrient acquisition and biomass production of competing individuals can be instructive in optimizing intercropping systems. Here, we examine the effect of inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae on competitive dynamics between wheat and faba bean. Wheat is less responsive to mycorrhizal inoculation. Both inoculated and uninoculated ...

Some abnormal growth phenotypes including hybrid necrosis are often observed in F1 hybrids (genome constitution, ABD, 2n=21) and synthetic hexaploid wheat lines (AABBDD, 2n=42) which were artificially produced by crossing between tetraploid wheat (AABB, 2n=28) and Ae. tauschii (DD, 2n=14). The hybrid necrosis phenotypes are generally divided into type I and type II necrosis. In the hybrid plant...

Wheat ear insects in large scale winter wheat field in Salzmünde (Saxsony-Anhalt) central Germany were evaluated. The present study aimed at studying the abundance of wheat blossom midges WBM, Sitodoplosis mosellana (Géhin), Contarinia tritici (Kirby) and thrips, Limothrips cerealium (Haliday) and Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov). Infestation in winter wheat during the growing seasons 2007, 2008...

Aquaculture needs to provide live food such as Artemia and one of the most important issues in A. franciscana rearing, is a food supply. The instar I nauplii were fed in seven treatments including Wheat bran, Rice bran, Soy-meal and algae (Dunaliella salina). For each treatment calculated growth rate, survival percentage, and body composition. At the reproductive period, 35 pairs were individua...

A field trial was performed to investigate the effect of municipal biowaste biochar (MBB) on rice and wheat growth, metal bioaccumulation, and greenhouse gas emissions in a rice paddy in eastern China. MBB was amended in 2010 before rice transplanting at rates of 0 and 40 t ha -1 in a field experiment lasting one cropping year. MBB soil amendment significantly increased soil pH, total soil orga...

ABSTRACT- Growth retardants are natural or synthetic chemical substances which are directly applied to crops to alter some structural processes. It is expected that these alterations modify hormonal balance and growth leading to increased yield, improved crop quality or facilitated harvesting. Cycocel (CCC) or chlormequat chloride (2-chloro ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) as a synthetic grow...

A model to predict Septoria tritici blotch (STB) and leaf rust effects on wheat growth was constructed and evaluated in two steps. At the leaf scale, Bastiaans' approach that predicts the relative photosynthesis of a wheat leaf infected with a single disease, was extended to the case of two diseases, one biotrophic and one necrotrophic by considering the leaf rust-STB complex. A glasshouse expe...

this study was carried out to determine effects of phosphorus residual applied to wheat on vetch (vicia panonioca) growth, yields and some  soil  physical, chemical  properties in soil. the experiment was conducted with randomized completely block design in a field with three replications including four levels of p residual (applied for wheat p0, p15, p30, and p45 kg p2o5 in hectare) from tripl...