abstract the objective of this study is evaluation of government’s optimum combination of policy instruments on per capita consumption of bread and the share of this product in food cost of families in different income classes. the minimization of changes in dead weight loss function is used in this study. by using boot strop method and on base of normal distribution for supply elasticity and d...

Agriculture is considered the mainstay of Sudan's economy and livelihood majority population. It has contributed an annual average 32 % GDP for last 10 years. Wheat a strategic political crop in Sudan played central role country’s during successive regimes. This review paper aims to highlight status wheat production consumption line with government interventions local imported sectors over past...

life cycle study of a product is an accepted method for determining the side effects of its production process on environment during its complete life cycle. in this research, the impacts of global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication and fossil resources depletion per unit yield of wheat (ton) on environment were investigated using life cycle assessment method in marvdasht region...

Water-Energy-Food (WEF) Nexus and CO2 emissions for a farm in northwest Iran were analyzed to provide data support decision-makers formulating national strategies response climate change. In the analysis, input–output energy production of seven crop species (alfalfa, barley, silage corn, potato, rapeseed, sugar beet, wheat) was determined using six indicators, water, consumption, mass productiv...

We studied the influence of the internal oxygen concentration in seeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum) on storage metabolism and its relation to phloem import of nutrients. Wheat seeds that were developing at ambient oxygen (21%) were found to be hypoxic (2.1%). Altering the oxygen supply by decreasing or increasing the external oxygen concentration induced parallel changes in the internal oxygen ...

The impact of defoliation by fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), on the photosynthetic rates of injured, individual wheat, Triticum aestivum L., leaves and the impact of different spatial patterns of artificial insect defoliation on photosynthesis of remaining leaf tissue of injured, individual wheat leaves were evaluated in this study. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, tran...

Poor micronutrient intakes are a major contributing factor to the high burden of micronutrient deficiencies in Côte d'Ivoire. Large-scale food fortification is considered a cost-effective approach to deliver micronutrients, and fortification of salt (iodine), wheat flour (iron and folic acid), and vegetable oil (vitamin A) is mandatory in Côte d'Ivoire. A cross-sectional survey on households wi...

Alkylresorcinols (ARs) were first proposed as potential biomarkers of wholegrain wheat and rye intake a decade ago. Since then there has been a considerable body of research which suggests that ARs do meet most criteria of a biomarker of these foods. Results from human studies on plasma AR and their plasma and urinary metabolites strongly indicate that these compounds are responsive to whole gr...

The effect on colonie epithelial cytokinetics of feeding a 20% wheat bran dietary supplement, either during and/or after the stage of carcinogen administration with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, was examined in 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats fed defined diets for up to 31 weeks. Nutrient intake and body weight gain were equivalent in all groups of animals. All subgroups of rats fed bran, either during an...

Celiac disease is activated by the consumption of some storage proteins present in cereals, which are usually classified as prolamins, as they are soluble in 70-90 % alcohol [1,2]. Wheat prolamins, called gliadins, together with another storage protein glutelin, could form a complex called gluten, which is responsible for rheological and mechanical properties of the dough and wheat based food. ...