In innate immunity, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a vital role in combating microbial pathogens. Among the AMPs identified in Penaeus monodon, only anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 (ALFPm3) has been reported to exhibit activity against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). However, the mechanism(s) involved are still not clear. In the present study, ALFPm3-interacting proteins were scr...

White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei held in 25x seawater at 27 8C or 28 8C were injected with TSB-grown Vibrio alginolyticus at 1 10 colony-forming units (cfu) shrimp 1 or 1 10 cfu shrimp , and then cultivated onward at water temperatures varying from 20 to 34 8C. Over 24–144 h, mortality of V. alginolyticus-injected shrimp held at 34 8C or 32 8C was significantly higher than that of shrimp held ...

A study was conducted on culture practices of shrimp at farmers’ level in Bagerhat District. Investigation was based on a sample of 123 shrimp farmers from the seven Thanas (Fakirhat, Mollahat, Sadar, Rampal, Mongla, Chitalmari and Kachua) of the District, 73.17% farmers produced shrimp with white fishes. Farmers (54.47%) started to culture during 2000-2004 in this area. The culture period was ...

There is currently concern and controversy in the shrimp industries of the Americas about the risk posed by the importation and reprocessing of shrimp infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and yellow head virus (YHV). To further understand the risk, more knowledge concerning the quantitative virus load of infected shrimp is needed. The present study was carried out to better define, us...

We report the case of a 25-year-old female who experienced two immediate episodes of labial, lingual and larynx angiodema after eating fried mantis shrimp (Squilla empusa), a crustacean belonging to the Squillidae family, and a third episode after eating shellfish pudding. Prick by prick tests to mantis shrimp and to other crustacean were positive. Serum specific IgE showed higher values than 0...

The interactions between brood parasitic birds and their host species provide one of the best model systems for coevolution. Despite being intensively studied, the parasite-host system provides ample opportunities to test new predictions from both coevolutionary theory as well as life-history theory in general. I identify four main areas that might be especially fruitful: cuckoo female gentes a...

Shared brood care or parenting chores are rare behaviors in insects. While a number of species exhibit biparental care, including wood roaches, passalid beetles, and some bark and dung beetles, only burying beetle males (Nicrophorus orbicollis) participate in all activities, remain with the brood throughout development, and can take over all parenting responsibilities if the female disappears. ...

Brood-parasitic village indigobirds, Vidua chalybeata, were bred in captivity and foster-reared by their normal host species, the red-billed firefinch, Lagonosticta senegala, or by an experimental foster species, the Bengalese finch, Lonchura striata. Captive-reared female indigobirds were tested as adults for mate choice and for host choice. In tests of mate choice, female indigobirds responde...

In aquaculture, shrimp farming is a popular field. The benefits of shrimp farming include a relatively short grow-out time, high sale price, and good cost recovery. However, outbreaks of serious diseases inflict serious losses, and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an emerging challenge to this industry. In South American white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and grass shrimp (Penaeu...

The total haemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency in response to pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus were measured when the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (20.0+/-1.5 g) were injected individually with dopamine at 10(-8), 10(-7) and 10(-6)mol shrimp(-1), respectively. For the shrimp that rec...