Abstract This article explores the exiling of Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor French, in 1814 and 1815. It argues that confronting Napoleon’s sovereignty trying to remove him, allies were forced make a highly pragmatic, improvisational, incoherent use international law. Much this stemmed from fact they implement Great Powers political system within through legal was antithetical any such concept. B...

The historically-influential perceptual analogy states that intuitions and experiences are alike in many important respects. Phenomenalists defend a particular reading of this according to which share common phenomenal character. phenomenalist thesis has proven highly influential recent years. However, insufficient attention been given the challenges raises for theories intuitions. In paper, I ...

Abstract We measure the contributions of loan supply shocks and other macroeconomic to U.S. output dynamics during Great Depression. Using structural vector autoregressions, we impose sign restrictions identify shocks. find that contributed negatively growth between 1931 1933, at same time as experienced several waves banking crises. Thus, our results support view disruptions in credit availabi...

this paper examines the relationship between environmental law and intellectual property law in light of international documents and procedures. the key question raised here is the role of intellectual property law in conservation of global environment. in this regard, we can express two general approaches: the neutral theory of intellectual property right and the systemic theory of intellectua...

Humans have known for at least 3500 years that the functioning of the brain affects behavior, and that damage to the brain causes behavioral malfunctions (Breasted, 1930). Around 2400 years ago, Hippocrates taught that “from the brain, and from the brain only, arise our pleasures, joy, laughter and jests, as well as our sorrows, pains, griefs, and tears.” He was also aware that “...all the most...