The paper presents a generalization of the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) and its application in selected well-known twoand threeobjective optimization benchmark problems. The proposed solution is referred to as our SPEA3. The generalization consists in the exchange of the environmental selection procedure in SPEA2 for a new original algorithm which aims to determine the final...

lentiviral vectors are promising gene delivery tools capable of transducing a variety of dividing and non-dividing cells, including pluripotent stem cells which are refractory for transduction by murine retroviruses. although there is a growing debate on the safety of lentiviral vectors for gene transfer, in particular for those derived from human immunodeficiency viruses, type one (hiv-1) and ...

scheduling for job shop is very important in both fields of production management and combinatorial op-timization. however, it is quite difficult to achieve an optimal solution to this problem with traditional opti-mization approaches owing to the high computational complexity. the combination of several optimization criteria induces additional complexity and new problems. in this paper, we pro...

This work introduces the following concepts of directional and estimated Pareto front to encourage multi-objective decision making, especially when exists in limited regions objective space. The general output optimization is a set non-dominated solutions approximate front. When regions, few are obtained presented maker. representing value trade-off barrier making. introduced this study superse...

Transduction of the primate cortex with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy vectors has been challenging, because of the large size of the cortex. We report that a single infusion of AAV2 vector into thalamus results in widespread expression of transgene in the cortex through transduction of widely dispersed thalamocortical projections. This finding has important implications for th...

Pre-reassociation of human clone probes, containing dispersed highly repeated sequences, (e.g. Alu and KpnI families), with a large excess of sonicated total human DNA allows signal from single and low copy number components to be detected in transfer hybridisations. The signal from non-dispersed repeated sequences is reduced to single copy levels. The procedure, which is simple and quick, is i...