Welding flux design involves optimising multiple quality attributes which are often conflicting and of varying degree concern to the stakeholders. The selected as criteria sometimes at different levels in hierarchy such primary, secondary tertiary attributes. articulation incorporation opinions stakeholders concerning intensity importance attached each attribute all optimisation process has rem...

The tensile creep behavior is extremely important in crack prediction and stress analysis of concrete. The main objective is investigating the effects of the silica fume on the tensile basic creep of early-aged concrete. The effect of silica fume on tensile creep was studied using lever-type tensile creep tester. Silica fume amount by weight of total cementing material was 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. ...

AIMS To summarise incidence rates and epidemiological characteristics of new cases of work related respiratory disease reported by specialist physicians in thoracic and occupational medicine, with particular reference to occupation, industry, and causal agents for asthma, inhalation accidents, and allergic alveolitis. METHODS Cases reported 1992-2001 to the SWORD and OPRA national surveillanc...

The flow separation and its accompanied recirculation induced when the airflow passes over the inappropriately designed doorsill of a chemical fume cupboard are the key factors which would lead to deterioration of the cupboard performance. In order to alleviate the contaminant leakage of the fume cupboard induced by inherent aerodynamic deficiency, a technique using doorsill jet injection is de...

background: welding is one of the most exercised industrial processes which welders are exposed to chemical and physical hazardous agents. this study was conducted to evaluate occupational and environmental exposures to aerosols generated by welding processes in a factory. methods: a total of 28 samples of aerosols were collected at 4 different locations including indoor, outdoor, source of wel...

plastic shrinkage is one of the most important parameter which must be considered in hot weather concreting. if plastic shrinkage is not prevented, cracking will be significant, especialy if silica fume is used in the mix. in this paper, the effect of silica fume in bleeding and evaporation was investigated in laboratory. the results showed that in restrained shrinkage, beside relative humidity...