In this paper, Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is introduced and its advantages over ordinary steam injection is demonstrated. A simple simulation model is built and three scenarios of natural production, ordinary steam injection, and SAGD are compared in terms of their cumulative oil production and cumulative oil steam ratio. The results show that SAGD can significantly enhance oil prod...

1. ABSTRACT: The US Military needs reliable, secure, and low-environmental impact sources of base and shore power for its installations. US Navy ships need generating systems for main propulsion, on-board power, catapults, heat/air conditioning, and other applications. These needs can be met with a unique, drive-gas generator that produces a high enthalpy mixture of high purity steam and carbon...

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the separation of water films adjacent to a hot metal surface. The simulations clearly show that the water layers nearest the surface overheat and undergo explosive boiling. For thick films, the expansion of the vaporized molecules near the surface forces the outer water layers to move away from the surface. These results are of interest fo...

Washed Mycoplasma organisms died rapidly when suspended in 0435 yo (w/v) NaCl prepared in laboratory ‘distilled’ water (steam condensate) at room temperature; this rapid killing was decreased by adding to the suspensions certain chelating agents, reducing agents or finely ground manganese dioxide. Washed organisms survived well in potassium phosphate (K,HPO,, 0.01 M adjusted to pH 7) dissolved ...

This paper is concerned with calculating boiler efficiency as one of the most important types of performance measurements in any steam power plant. That has a key role in determining the overall effectiveness of the whole system within the power station. For this calculation, a Visual-Basic program was developed, and a steam power plant known as El-Khmus power plant, Libya was selected as a cas...

In this work, an experimental study of biomass gasification in different operation conditions has been carried out in an updraft gasifier combined with a porous ceramic reformer. The effects of gasifier temperature, steam to biomass ratio (S/B), and reforming temperature on the gas characteristic parameters were investigated with and without porous ceramic filled in reformer. The results indica...

This study demonstrated the use of a pressurized mechanical refining system for the continuous steam explosion pretreatment of wheat straw. Wheat straw was first impregnated with either dilute acid (0.5% sulfuric acid) or water and then steam exploded in an Andritz pressurized refiner. The effect of a range of pretreatment conditions, including refining retention time and steam pressure/tempera...