Magnetic relaxation has been used extensively to study and characterize biological tissues. In particular, spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (T(1rho)) of water in protein solutions has been demonstrated to be sensitive to macromolecular weight and composition. However, the nature of the contribution from low frequency processes to water relaxation remains unclear. We have examined t...

due to limitation of available water and soil resources in iran, the challenge of optimizing the utilization of these resources has become more significant. one of the solutions to the economic, planning and optimization of water use and achieve the optimum level of water use is associated with improved farming activities and this is the most important agricultural research needs. the study of ...

1. A double-lumen perfusion technique was used to study the effect of a wide range of concentrations of the dipeptide glycyl-L-alanine and its constituent amino acids on water and electrolyte absorption from iso-osmotic solutions in the upper jejunum of normal human subjects. 2. There was no significant absorption of water and electrolytes from sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/l) but the pres...

Binary water mixtures usually display a water relaxation (process II) which can be studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) at subzero temperatures. In a large collection of binary water mixtures, a slight increase of the relaxation strength is observed for low water concentration, whereas a faster increase is seen above a critical concentration. The assumption behind this result is t...

There is an increasing trend in the use of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) to solve multi-objective optimization problems of the allocation of water resources. However, typically the outcome is a set of Pareto optimal solutions which make up a trade-off surface between the objective functions. For decision makers to choose a satisfactory alternative from a set of Pareto-optimal ...

Lambert, GP, Lanspa, SJ, Welch R, Shi, X. Combined Effects of Glucose and Fructose on Fluid Absorption from Hypertonic Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solutions. JEPonline 2008;11(2):46-55. This study examined the effect of glucose and fructose, compared to glucose alone on water absorption from hypertonic carbohydrateelectrolyte solutions (CES) in the small intestine. Six solutions were perfused into...

Solutions of glycerol and water provide a convenient and inexpensive system to control the relative humidity (RH) in small controlledenvironment chambers. The relationship between the specific gravity (SG) of a glycerol-water solution and its equilibrium RH is described by the equation SG = [-0.189 (RH) + 19.9] 0.0806 . Gas can be humidified by bubbling it through jars containing solutions of g...

Buffered NaCl solutions hypertonic to rabbit serum were prepared and freezing point depressions of each determined after dilution with measured amounts of water. Freezing point depression of these dilutions was a linear function of the amount of water added. One ml. of rabbit red cells was added to each 4 ml. of the hypertonic solutions and after incubation at 38 degrees C. for 30 minutes the m...

Water is a scarce resource in many parts of the developed world. Two solutions are possible to address water scarcity: conservation of existing resources, or the further production of water from new sources e.g. through recycling of wastewater or desalination of seawater. However, the main hurdle to implementation of many of these solutions is often viewed as a lack of public willingness to ado...