Symbiotic nitrogen recycling enables animals to thrive on nitrogen-poor diets and environments. It traditionally refers to the utilization of animal waste nitrogen by symbiotic micro-organisms to synthesize essential amino acids (EAAs), which are translocated back to the animal host. We applied metabolic modelling and complementary metabolite profiling to investigate nitrogen recycling in the s...

The recycling of printed circuit boards in Guiyu, China, a village intensely involved in e-waste processing, may present a significant environmental and human health risk. To evaluate the extent of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) contamination from printed circuit board recycling, surface dust samples were collected from recycling workshops, adjacent roads, a schoolyard, and an outdoo...

sciencemag.org SCIENCE to access higher-purity polymer feedstocks will be required to minimize the dependence on consumer separation of materials manually during disposal for collection. Strategies for recycling mixed or contaminated feedstocks are also needed. Current compatibilizers must be customized for a given waste composition, which is not going to be practical on the large scale. More v...

Today, with the advancement of technology, turning waste into fuel has been considered as an inexhaustible source of energy production, especially in industries with high energy consumption. The most important of these industries are Cement and Iron Smelting factories. Babol, as one of the largest provinces in the north of the country, has been facing waste management crisis for several years w...

Hazardous waste management should fulfil the following three main goals: (i) to protect human health and the environment, (ii) to reduce waste while conserving energy and natural resources and (iii) to reduce or eliminate the volume of waste to dispose of. The last two of these goals may derive from recycling, which aims at reducing raw materials and energy consumption and decreasing the volume...

This paper provides a general overview of solid waste data and management practices employed in Turkey during the last decade. Municipal solid waste statistics and management practices including waste recovery and recycling initiatives have been evaluated. Detailed data on solid waste management practices including collection, recovery and disposal, together with the results of cost analyses, h...

Drawing on ideas from the literatures on organizations and social movements, I study how a shift in logics created changes in the causal drivers of state-level recycling advocacy group creation in the U.S. Specifically, I show that the formation of early state recycling advocacy groups was enabled by state-level conditions that were favorable to ecological activism. These early organizations we...

urban growth and development caused many environmental problems in current age. one of these problems is environmental impacts of wastes which can be solved by inhabitant’s participation in municipal recycling and waste programs. there are many psycho-social factors affecting people’s participation in municipal waste and recycling programs. one of these factors is environmental values. so, curr...

This study surveys the operation modes, results and problems of the waste container recycling system in Taiwan, known as the Four-in-One Program, and compares the collation and time trend analysis of the program’s results (such as the garbage clearance volume, the recycling rate of recyclable resources, the price of plastic “Due Recyclable Waste Containers” (DRWCs), among other variables). The ...

Introduction This fact sheet is part of a series highlighting different recyclable commodities. According to www.dictionary.com, a commodity is as “an article of trade or commerce; something of use, advantage, or value; any unprocessed or partially processed good.” When a product is recycled, the original commodity material becomes new products. The recyclable commodity fact sheet series is des...