background and aim. the toothbrush is the most widely used tooth-hygiene tool, and numerous designs have been manufactured, claiming superior plaque removal. this study aimed at comparing the efficacy of a tooth wipe to a manual toothbrush on reduction of microbial plaque. materials and methods. this crossover study was conducted on 30 subjects at two visits with one-week interval. before each ...

The present study determined whether a 5-day CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol with two doses of PGF2α would improve timed artificial insemination (AI) pregnancy rate compared with 7-day CO-Synch + CIDR protocol in beef cows. Angus cross beef cows (N = 1817) at 12 locations were randomly assigned to 5-day CO-Synch + CIDR or 7-day CO-Synch + CIDR groups. All cows receiv...

Granivorous animals may prefer to predate or cache seed of certain plant species over others. Multiple studies have documented preference for larger, non-native seed by granivores. To accomplish this, researchers have traditionally used indirect inference by relating patterns of seed removal to the species composition of the granivorous animal community. To measure seed removal, researchers pre...

background: in this study, ferrate (vi) and ultraviolet (uv) radiation were employed to remove hydrogen sulfide from municipal wastewater resulting in a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (cod). although ferrate (vi) and uv have been used individually for the removal of a few pollutants from urban and industrial wastewater, there exists no study to investigate the effectiveness of simultaneous...

BACKGROUND Fungal peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy with the majority of patients ceasing PD permanently. The aims of this study were to identify risk factors and clinical associations that may discriminate between fungal from bacterial peritonitis. METHODS We retrospectively identified episodes of fungal peritonitis from 2001-2010 in PD patients at Liv...

Purpose – There are no established guidelines regarding optimal timing of chest tube removal after cardiac surgery. This decision is often surgeon-specific, with commonly utilized criteria including drainage volume or time We investigated the relationship between volume, removal, and risk post-removal pleural effusion.
 Methods Single-center retrospective study patients who underwent non-e...