We investigated three types of volitional control mechanisms that may impact people’s knowledge management (KM) practices. Our results show that, when employing KM, people do not always perform in a manner consistent with their beliefs concerning attitudes and intentions. This cognition-behavior inconsistency can be explained by volitional control mechanisms. Specifically, both perceived self-e...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the largest health problems in the United States and affects both cognitive and motor function. Although weakness is common in TBI patients, few studies have demonstrated a reduction in strength in models of brain injury. We have developed a behavioral method to measure volitional forelimb strength and quantify forelimb weakness following traumatic brain i...

Suicidal behaviours are highly complex, multi-determined phenomena. Despite this, historically research has tended to focus on bivariate associations between atheoretical demographic and/or psychiatric factors and suicidal behaviour. The aim of this study was to empirically test the Integrated Motivational-Volitional model of suicidal behaviour using structural equation modelling. Healthy adult...

ion. Regarding Korean psych-adjectives and their -e hacounterparts, e.i., [psychadjective + -e ha-] constructions, what is at issue is how to capture the semantic difference and similarity between the two. Concerning this issue, one of the most controversial and difficult problems is whether the psych-construction has Action (Agency) as part of its meaning. The purpose of this paper is to solve...

Muscle fatigue can be defined as a decrease in the force-generating ability of a muscle that resulted from recent activity. Recent studies of muscle fatigue are reviewed that are relevant to two areas of interest to physical therapists: clinical assessment of muscle fatigue and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Volitional and electrical tests have been used to quantify muscle fatigue. Sever...

Cortical representation of swallow-related motor tasks has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we elucidated and compared these cortical representations to those of volitional swallow using block-trial and single-trial methods. Fourteen volunteers were studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cortical activation during both swallowing and swallow-related motor tasks th...

As a potential exemplar for understanding how volitional actions emerged from reflexes, we studied the relationship between an ancient reflexive gaze stabilisation mechanism (optokinetic nystagmus) and purposeful eye movements (saccades) that target an object. Traditionally these have been considered distinct (except in the kinematics of their execution) and studied independently. We find that ...

Saccadic chronostasis refers to the subjective temporal lengthening of the first visual stimulus perceived after an eye movement, and is most commonly experienced as the "stopped clock" illusion. Other temporal illusions arising in the context of movement (e.g., "intentional binding") appear to depend upon the volitional nature of the preceding motor act. Here we assess chronostasis across diff...

Ideomotor actions are behaviours that are unconsciously initiated and express a thought rather than a response to a sensory stimulus. The question examined here is whether ideomotor actions can also express nonconscious knowledge. We investigated this via the use of implicit long-term semantic memory, which is not available to conscious recall. We compared accuracy of answers to yes/no question...

This paper presents two strategies for selecting volitional facial expressions and gaze behaviors of animated agents, in the case of Online Negotiation and Soft Game Theory. It is difficult to make general models select volitional facial expressions for their use in many kinds of applications. In this paper, in order to develop these strategies, I investigated the effects of facial expressions ...