Preface On commission of the Swedish Road Administration, VTI has made a study of how road surface properties (primarily macrotexture and unevenness) affect rolling resistance and fuel consumption of vehicles. Contact person at the Road Administration has been Per-Erik Westergren. Project leader at VTI has been Rune Karlsson. Ulf Hammarström has initiated the project and has had the role of gen...

Focused echocardiography is increasingly used by clinicians to guide fluid resuscitation. The UK Defence Medical Services (DMS) have adopted focused echocardiography as a tool to guide flow assessment and resuscitation in deployed critical care. We aimed to explore whether two focused echo techniques, namely Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Velocity Time integer (LVOT...

To investigate the diagnostic performance of combined use of conventional ultrasound (US) and elastography, including conventional strain elastography such as elasticity imaging (EI) and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography, and to evaluate their usefulness in recommending fine-needle aspiration (FNA).A total of 556 pathologically proven thyroid nodules were evaluated by US, EI,...

BACKGROUND Predicting fluid responsiveness remains a difficult question in hemodynamically unstable patients. The author's objective was to test whether noninvasive assessment by transthoracic echocardiography of subaortic velocity time index (VTI) variation after a low volume of fluid infusion (100 ml hydroxyethyl starch) can predict fluid responsiveness. METHODS Thirty-nine critically ill v...

AIM AND METHODS The possibility of using multiplane transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) in the diagnostics of stenotic atherosclerosis of the main coronary arteries in a comparative aspect were studied in 94 patients with coronary artery disease (men, mean age 52 +/- 7 years). Coronary arteries stenoses were calculated with Doppler echocardiograph...

Background. Our objective was to assess phasic coronary blood flow and velocity characteristics of the proximal portion of the left anterior descending artery and to evaluate their relation to the clinical and hemodynamic manifestations in patients with aortic valve disease. Methods and Results. We examined 26 patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (AR), 12 patients with predominant aortic ...

Summary We perform a series of numerical modelling and migration experiment with different homogeneous TTI anisotropic media, characterized by tilt axis, polar velocity and anisotropy parameters. In the case of structurally conformable media, where the tilt of the medium coincides with the dip of the structure, great simplifications arise in the decoupling of the anisotropy parameters. In parti...

Introduction In regions characterized by complex subsurface structure, wave-equation depth migration is a powerful tool for accurately imaging the earth’s interior. The quality of the final image greatly depends on the quality of the model which includes anisotropy parameters (Gray et al., 2001). In particular, it is important to construct subsurface velocity models using techniques that are co...

Under the assumptions of linear elasticity and small deformation in traditional elastodynamics, anisotropy medium has a significant effect on rotations observed during earthquakes. Based basic theory first-order velocity-stress elastic wave equation, this paper simulates seismic propagation translational rotational motions two-dimensional isotropic VTI (transverse media with vertical axis symme...