Vertical depth migrations into shallower waters at night by the chambered cephalopod Nautilus were first hypothesized early in the early 20(th) Century. Subsequent studies have supported the hypothesis that Nautilus spend daytime hours at depth and only ascend to around 200 m at night. Here we challenge this idea of a universal Nautilus behavior. Ultrasonic telemetry techniques were employed to...

This paper attempts to detect the existence of links in consumption preferences between generations. Preferences for consumption goods may be determined by the preferences of parents (vertical transmission) and/or by preferences arising from the environment (horizontal transmission). We propose an indirect methodology to overcome the lack of data on consumption choices of dynasties, i.e., paren...

Vertical leaf nitrogen (N) gradient within a canopy is classically considered as a key adaptation to the local light environment that would tend to maximize canopy photosynthesis. We studied the vertical leaf N gradient with respect to the light gradient for wheat (Triticum aestivum) canopies with the aims of quantifying its modulation by crop N status and genetic variability and analyzing its ...

1. We present data with a high spatio-temporal resolution from a 72-h field survey in Bautzen Reservoir (Saxony, Germany). The aims of this survey were to observe hydrophysical processes during a period of unstable stratification in spring and investigate the effect of wind-induced internal waves on the vertical distribution of zooplankton. 2. Wind velocities up to 10 m s 1 caused a strong down...

Vertical distribution and population dynamics of copepods are viewed as a consequence of individual maximization of reproductive value (RV). RV for all individuals of all size classes (stages) and conditions (physiological states) is found by dynamic programming, and specifies a trajectory of optimal habitats in time and space. The optimal habitat is found by balancing the risk of predation and...

In this study, we apply a clustering algorithm to ISCCP Cloud Optical Thickness – Cloud Top Pressure histograms in order to derive Weather States (WS) for the global domain. The cloud property distribution within each WS is examined and the geographical variability of each WS is mapped. Once the global weather states are derived, a combination of CloudSat/CALIPSO vertical cloud structure retrie...

As the planet warms, climate models predict that rain will become heavier but less frequent, and that the circulation will weaken. Here, two heuristic models relating moisture, vertical velocity, and rainfall distributions are developed, one in which the distribution of vertical velocity is prescribed and another in which it is predicted. These models are used to explore the response to warming...

The vertical distribution and migration of plankton organisms may have a large impact on their horizontal dispersal and distribution, and consequently on trophic interactions. In this study we used video-net profiling to describe the fine scale vertical distribution of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Kattegat and Baltic Proper. Potential diel vertical migration was also investigated by frequent filmin...

As the planet warms, climate models predict that rain will become heavier but less frequent and that the circulation will weaken. Here, two heuristic models relating moisture, vertical velocity, and rainfall distributions are developed—one in which the distribution of vertical velocity is prescribed and another in which it is predicted. These models are used to explore the response to warming a...