The ventral pancreas, biliary system, and liver arise from the posterior ventral foregut, but the cell-intrinsic pathway by which these organ lineages are separated is not known. Here we show that the extrahepatobiliary system shares a common origin with the ventral pancreas and not the liver, as previously thought. These pancreatobiliary progenitor cells coexpress the transcription factors PDX...

the term riga-fede disease has been used to describe chronic traumatic ulceration that occurs on the ventral surface of the tongue by natal and neonatal teeth in infants. it is important to diagnose the lesion and treat it by eliminating the source of trauma. in this case report, the neonatal tooth was extracted and after 2 weeks the lesion was resolved and the baby was feeding well.in addition...

Cardiac neural crest ablation results in depressed myocardial calcium transients and elevated proliferation in myocardium at a stage when cardiac neural crest cells are not in contact with the myocardium. To test the hypothesis that cardiac neural crest-derived cells, which migrate into the caudal, ventral pharynx at stage 14, block a signal from the ventral pharynx, we cultured stage 12 chick ...

Previous studies have shown that ulinastatin, an effective inhibitor of the inflammatory response in clinical applications, can attenuate hyperalgesia in rodents. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we first examined the change in the calcineurin level, which plays an important role in regulating cytokine release in the nervous system, following lumbar 5 ven...

An important goal for understanding regeneration is determining how polarity is conferred to the regenerate. Here we review findings in two groups of polychaete annelids that implicate the ventral nerve cord in assigning dorso-ventral polarity, and specifically ventral identity, to the regenerate. In nereids, surgical manipulations indicate that parapodia develop where dorsal and ventral body w...

Formation of the dorsal-ventral axis of the sea urchin embryo relies on cell interactions initiated by the TGFbeta Nodal. Intriguingly, although nodal expression is restricted to the ventral side of the embryo, Nodal function is required for specification of both the ventral and the dorsal territories and is able to restore both ventral and dorsal regions in nodal morpholino injected embryos. T...

Studies comparing neuronal activity at the dorsal and ventral poles of the hippocampus have shown that the scale of spatial information increases and the precision with which space is represented declines from the dorsal to ventral end. These dorsoventral differences in neuronal output and spatial representation could arise due to differences in computations performed by dorsal and ventral CA1 ...

OBJECTIVE To describe a novel surgical technique for correcting postoperative ventral glottic stenosis (cicatrix or web formation) and the outcome in 2 Thoroughbred racehorses. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case report. ANIMALS Thoroughbreds diagnosed with ventral glottic stenosis (n=2). METHODS Horses presenting with iatrogenic ventral glottic stenosis and resultant exercise intolerance and...

The secreted glycoproteins encoded by Wnt genes are thought to function as intercellular signaling molecules which convey positional information. Localized expression of Wingless protein is required to specify the fate of ventral cells in the developing Drosophila leg. We report here that Wingless acts through inactivation of the shaggy/zeste white 3 protein kinase to specify ventral cell fate ...