The application of the independent lung ventilation (ILV) in adults has been described by Carlon and co-workers in 1978 and subsequently by other investigators. In 1983 Hedenstierna and coworkers using a bilumen tube suitable for prolonged intubation, and two Servo Ventilator 900 B (Siemens) adapted for synchronization, treated a wide range of clinical conditions. Following this experience, the...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The increasing number of hospitals reporting ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates at or close to zero begs the question of whether zero should become the national benchmark for VAP. This article explores the significance of very low VAP rates, reviews differences in surveillance and clinical rates, proposes reasons for their discrepancies, and suggests possible objectiv...

We appreciate Gu’s [1] interest in our study. We apologize and agree with his comment about attributing units to standardized mean difference (SMD). Nevertheless, similar to the SMD, results in mean difference (control – nebulized) were unaffected by nebulized antibiotics (2.67 days, 95 % confidence interval (CI) –2.89, 8.23 for ICU length of stay (LOS); and 0.70 days, 95 % CI −3.40, 4.80 for m...

Neonatal pneumonia is reported to be the primary cause of neonatal respiratory failure and one of the common causes of neonatal hospitalization and death in developing countries. Chest X-ray was considered the gold standard for diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia. Lung ultrasonography has been described as a valuable noninvasive tool for the diagnosis of many neonatal pulmonary diseases. We report ...

The objective of this study was to identify factors related death in patients diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia admitted the intensive care unit University Hospital Brasília. Methodology: Retrospective study, based on analysis medical records 73 pneumonia, from March 2017 December 2020. Statistical analyzes were performed using unpaired Student's t test and Chi test. -Pearson squar...

Objective To assess clinical characteristics and cytokine levels in children with severe pneumonia who required ventilatory support. Methods In this prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study, blood and endotracheal fluid samples were obtained from patients with severe pneumonia, aged <5 years, within 24 h following intubation. Blood samples were also obtained from age-matched healthy cont...

BACKGROUND Studies suggest that statins and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors might be beneficial for the treatment of infections. Our purpose was to examine the association of statin, ACE inhibitor, and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) use with pneumonia-related outcomes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Department of Veterans Affairs data of patients...

PURPOSE Legionella is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and is second only to Pneumococcal pneumonia as a cause of severe CAP that requires treatment in an intensive care unit. We report a case series of patients with severe Legionella pneumonia who developed the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), failed to improve with mechanical ventilation alone and required extra...

Ceftobiprole, a new broad spectrum, parenteral cephalosporin, exhibits potent in vitro activity against a number of Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Gram-negative pathogens associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Ceftobiprole has demonstrated non...