In this work we substantiate the applying of the Helmholtz vector decomposition theorem (H-theorem) to vector fields in classical electrodynamics. Using the H-theorem, within the framework of the two-parameter Lorentz-like gauge (so called v-gauge), we show that two kinds of magnetic vector potentials exist: one of them (solenoidal) can act exclusively with the velocity of light c and the other...

We used two methods to characterize fluid flow through the TμC under typical run-time conditions. First, we used 0.5 μm yellow-green beads as tracers to map the flow field through the trapping region under the pressures used to deliver nutrients. We acquired a movie of bead flow at 10 frames per second and used this as input to a MATLAB implementation of the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) met...

In applications for acoustic Doppler profiling, the back scattering signal from small entrained water bubbles and other particles is used to predict the volume velocity. The velocity vector is calculated using multiple beams, pointing in different directions. By analyzing the Doppler frequency variation in the backscattering signal, it is possible to calculate the mean vector current versus dep...

A novel strategy to design time invariant motion controllers for underactuated mobile systems is applied to the position and attitude control of an underactuated 3D vehicle. The idea consists in defining a velocity vector field such that an ideal, fully actuated system would exponentially achieve the control objective by simply following such field. Then a steering law for the given underactuat...

Routing protocol selection of VANET is crucial for its network performance, which undertakes task to transfer important information. On the basis of comparison and analysis on existing VANET routing protocols, an VANET routing technology based on link quality and velocity vector (LQ-VV-GPSR) was brought out. The method aims at selecting reasonable relay node to convenient forwarding message int...

The investigation and quantification of cardiac motion is important for assessment of cardiac abnormalities and treatment effectiveness. Therefore we consider a new method to track cardiac motion from magnetic resonance (MR) tagged images. Tracking is achieved by following the spatial maxima in scale-space of the MR images over time. Reconstruction of the velocity field is then carried out by m...

The manner in which anatomical rotation from an individual segment contributes to the position and velocity of the endpoint can be informative in the arena of many athletic events whose goals are to attain the maximal velocity of the most distal segment. This study presents a new method of velocity analysis using dual Euler angles and its application in studying rotational contribution from upp...

A, B, C = state-space matrices a = acceleration due to linear-quadratic-regulatorand artificial-potential-field-determined control effort aAPF = acceleration due to artificial-potential-fielddetermined control effort aLQR = acceleration due to linear-quadratic-regulatordetermined control effort am = maximum acceleration aobs = acceleration of chaser spacecraft toward an obstacle ax;y;z = accele...