Once considered novelties, In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) applications have become “must-have” options for many people living in a screen-to-screen world. Today’s consumers expect vehicles to be equipped with features such as digital radio, Internet, DVD video and MP3 systems, and GPS navigation. The challenge for the automotive industry is how to address this opportunity seamlessly, quickly and...

In addition to material and production costs, consumption emission limits, the requirements for performance, efficiency space utilization must be met when it comes design of today's internal combustion engines automotive industry. As a result, three new trends have been emerged (based on J. Pfleghaar B. Lohmann's paper in 2013): 1. downsizing: reduction engine size (number pistons stroke) fuel ...

Embedded systems are of growing importance in industry. For example, in a today’s vehicle a huge number of embedded and communicating systems can be found. Exhaustive testing of such systems is a requirement, because changes after delivery and use are expensive and sometimes even impossible. In this paper we propose the use of qualitative models, which are an abstraction of quantitative physica...

Strategies and policies for the adoption and development of interorganizational systems require further understanding of the theoretical background to these systems. An argument is made for development of theory that is multi-level, processual and has an emergent perspective. Such theory is needed to deal with a context where environmental influences are important in addition to complex interac...

Incorporation of radio controller units into heavy equipment used in the electricity industry provides numerous advantages including: improved electrical isolation between plant and operator, ability to incorporate an additional remote operator, and reductions in vehicle wiring and hydraulic hoses for equipment control. However, secure operation of vehicles and plant incorporating radio control...

Introduction The livestock industry creates jobs and income in, mostly rural, communities and can be an important engine of economic growth and development (e.g., Seidl and Weiler, 2000). Animal agriculture can also generate impacts beyond the boundaries of the farm, ranch, or feedlot, including flies, odor, water pollution, farm vehicle traffic, and noise, for example. The impact of these pote...

BACKGROUND Despite considerable epidemiologic evidence about the health effects of chronic exposure to vehicle exhaust, efforts at defining the extent of risk have been limited by the lack of historical exposure measurements suitable for use in epidemiologic studies and for risk assessment. OBJECTIVES We sought to reconstruct exposure to elemental carbon (EC), a marker of diesel and other veh...

Because of the increasingly serious ecological and environmental problems, it has become a trend to explore path sustainable development. The vehicle industry seized this opportunity vigorously develop research on new energy vehicles, while state also supports development industry. But all kinds problems in process policy implementation have led gradual decline strength. subsidy entered post-su...