Following coma, some patients will recover wakefulness without signs of consciousness (only showing reflex movements, i.e., the vegetative state) or may show non-reflex movements but remain without functional communication (i.e., the minimally conscious state). Currently, there remains a high rate of misdiagnosis of the vegetative state (Schnakers et. al. BMC Neurol, 9:35, 8) and the clinical a...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this article is to review recent behavioural and neuroimaging studies in anaesthesia and the vegetative state. RECENT FINDINGS These studies highlight possible dissociations between consciousness and responsiveness in both these states. SUMMARY We discuss future avenues of research in the field, in order to improve the detection of awareness during anaesthesia a...

Chlamydomonas lytic enzyme of the cell wall (gamete wall-autolysin) is responsible for shedding of cell walls during mating of opposite mating-type gametes. This paper reports some topographic aspects of lytic enzyme in cells. Both vegetative and gametic cells contain the same wall lytic enzyme. The purified enzyme is a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass of 67 kD by gel filtration and...

The evolutionary history of gains and losses of vegetative reproductive propagules (soredia) in Porpidia s.l., a group of lichen-forming ascomycetes, was clarified using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches to monophyly tests and a combined MCMC and maximum likelihood approach to ancestral character state reconstructions. The MCMC framework provided confidence estimates for the r...

brain injury due to cerebrovascular disorder, whos lives can be saved, has increased. Along with this phenomenon, however, the number of patients with persistent vegetative state has been increasing, and thus constitutes an important issue. No effective treatment method for persistent vegetative state has been established but some reports have recently shown that spinal epidural stimulation and...

Potter, K. N., Williams, J. R., Larney, F. J. and Bullock, M. S. 1998. Evaluation of EPIC’s wind erosion submodel using data from southern Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78: 485–492. Wind erosion models have been used to assess policy impacts on soil erosion, but validation of models has been difficult until recently. We evaluated the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) wind erosion subm...