background: construction work (building houses, roads, workplaces, and repairing and maintaining infrastructures) is a dangerous land-based job. this includes many hazardous tasks and conditions such as working at the following conditions: height, excavation, noise, dust, power tools and equipment. construction work has been increased in developed and underdeveloped countries over the past few ...

Closed-form solutions were developed to optimize kinematics design of a 2-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) planar parallel manipulator. The optimum design based on the workspace was presented. Meanwhile, a global, comprehensive conditioning index was introduced to evaluate the kinematic designs. The optimal parallel manipulator is incorporated into a 5-DOF hybrid machine tool which includes a 2-DOF rot...

BACKGROUND Assessing the clinical effectiveness of measuring grip strength as a prognostic tool in recovering ambulation in bed-confined frail elderly patients. METHODS A prospective study was carried out with 50 elderly inpatients (mean age: 81.6 years old). Manual muscle test was used for checking strength of hip flexor muscles, hip abductor muscles and knee extensor muscles. Grip strength ...

Definitions and Distinctions First, it is important to distinguish between categorical variables and continuous variables. Categorical variables are those with two values (i.e., binary, dichotomous) or those with a few ordered categories. Examples might include gender, dead vs. alive, audited vs. not audited, or variables with few response options like “never,” “sometimes,” or “always.” Continu...

Definitions and Distinctions First, it is important to distinguish between categorical variables and continuous variables. Categorical variables are those with two values (i.e., binary, dichotomous) or those with a few ordered categories. Examples might include gender, dead vs. alive, audited vs. not audited, or variables with few response options like “never,” “sometimes,” or “always.” Continu...

background: health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. social, economic and cultural factors are main effective factors on person’s health. as university students are the spiritual resources of each society and the future manufacturers of their own country, the present study aimed to determine the predictive factors f...