As a natural extension of the fuzzy variable, bifuzzy variable is defined as mapping from credibility space to collection variables, which an appropriate tool model two-fold phenomena. In order enrich its theoretical foundation, this paper explores some important measures for regular most commonly used type variables. Firstly, we introduce variables’ mean chance measure and properties, includin...

Based on establishing the mathematical model of system provided parameters, using discrete-time Markov chain and a function set by non-negative integer random variable as Probabilistic methods, discrete time variable, two-queue different gated polling has been fully analyzed, low- higher-order properties cycle period are deduced, average queue pair length waiting delay for message packets calcu...

We develop a polynomial time Ω ( 1 R logR ) approximate algorithm for Max 2CSP-R, the problem where we are given a collection of constraints, each involving two variables, where each variable ranges over a set of size R, and we want to find an assignment to the variables that maximizes the number of satisfied constraints. Assuming the Unique Games Conjecture, this is the best possible approxima...

After a brief introduction, this paper dwells on cultural differences, and then answered the question “Why should culture be included in English teaching” from three aspects.

In April 2010 the International Finance Corporation announced the creation of the African, Latin American, and Caribbean fund, a new co-investment vehicle funded largely with commitments from sovereign wealth and pension funds. The fund’s objective was to draw on the IFC and the World Bank’s strengths in emerging markets to identify and support enterprises that might not otherwise have come to ...

Professional English is a mandatory module in all Chinese universities, being taught alongside the students major. However, students often find learning English somewhat tedious as it can seem disconnected from their major and aspirations for the future. To try to overcome this shortcoming we have introduced the use of creative science as a means of linking language learning to exploring futuri...

This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of EFL Taiwanese university students on a collaborative CALL environment. The participants were 112 intermediate proficiency English as a foreign language Taiwanese third-year university students. The dataset used included the pre-and post-questionnaires on participants’ perspectives on the CALL environment. In addition, interview data was collect...

This article presents a study of EssayCritic, a computer-based writing aid for English as a foreign language (EFL) that provides feedback on the content of English essays. We compared two feedback conditions: automated feedback from EssayCritic (target class) and feedback from collaborating peers (comparison class). We used a mixed methods approach to collect and analyze the data, combining int...

Microblogs have received considerable attention in crisis communication due to its real-time nature. Despite this, research has not adequately addressed how users make use of information amongst the vast amount of real-time content available in a crisis. Hence, this study aims to understand information use in crisis situations by employing microblogs. Taylor‟s [4] information use environment (I...

This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of a computer-assisted writing program among EFL learners in a college composition class. A mixed method research design was employed combining both qualitative and qualitative techniques. Forty-five junior students in a Taiwanese college writing class were introduced to the computer-assisted writing program MyAccess. After using the program in cl...