introduction: pulmonary hyperinflation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) can increase the breathing rate and reduce diaphragmatic movements by pushing the diaphragms downward and limiting their movements; this, in fact, can affect the breathing process. the purpose of this study was to compare diaphragmatic movements in copd patients and healthy ones and to evaluate ...

Advances in ultrasound technology have made it possible to gain higher spatial resolution and even depict nerves with excellent visual quality. In this article, the literature concerning sonography in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is critically reviewed. We searched Medline for studies on sonography in the diagnosis of CTS and used the reference lists of the articles found. A to...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CCSVI was recently described in patients with MS. CCSVI is diagnosed noninvasively by Doppler sonography and invasively by catheter venography. We assessed the role of conventional MRV for the detection of IJV anomalies in patients with MS diagnosed with CCSVI and in healthy controls who underwent MRV and Doppler sonography examinations during 6 months. MATERIALS AND ME...

AIM To investigate the potential usefulness of contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler sonography in the differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal lesions. METHODS Thirty one patients with complex adnexal lesions of uncertain malignancy at transvaginal B-mode and/or color Doppler sonography were prospectively evaluated with three-dimensional power Doppler sonography befor...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of bedside sonography to differentiate soft tissue abnormalities from joint effusions. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of emergency department (ED) patients presenting with joint pain, erythema, and swelling who received bedside sonography. The ED sonographic examinations were performed by emergency physician sonolog...

Intraoperative real-time sonography was used to monitor surgical reduction of acute thoracolumbar burst fractures in eight patients. Real-time sonography was performed after laminectomy through a saline-filled operative field using either a 5.0 or a 7.5 MHz transducer. Sonography was performed during Harrington rod distraction and during fracture reduction to confirm adequacy of decompression o...

Congenital and surgical defects of the neural arches of the spine have provided sonic windows and new applications for sonography in neuroradiology [1, 2]. The contents of the lumbar spinal canal can also be seen by an anterior approach, through the intervertebral disk, as illustrated in a recent atlas of sonography [3]. However, no previous report has been found on the use of sonography in the...

Thyrolipomas are rare capsulated mass lesions containing fat and thyroid tissue. We herein report the case of a 60-year-old man who had goitre for 10 years, with rapid enlargement of the gland during the last several months before presentation. Sonography, scintigraphy, CT, MR imaging, and sonography-guided fine needle aspiration were performed. Sonography and scintigraphy revealed an unusual m...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of sonography compared to plain radiography in the diagnosis of patients with suspected small bowel obstruction as well as to determine their specificity, sensitivity and accuracy in the Ugandan setting. DESIGN Prospective comparative study. SETTING Mulago Hospital, Uganda's main referal Hospital and Makerere University Medical School. SUBJECTS Seventy patie...

Dear Editor, Gallstone is a rare but well-known finding in neonates which is diagnosed more easily nowadays. It has been associated with hematologic disorders, prematurity, prolonged fasting, parenteral nutrition, illeal resection, dehydration, and phototherapy, congenital abnormalities of the biliary tract, E. coli sepsis, furesemide therapy and pseudohypoaldosteronism. As neonatal gallstones ...