1. The serum ferritin level provides a valuable index of the body iron store. An increase in serum ferritin has often been observed in patients with neoplastic disease and correlates well with the stage of cancer. A few studies have suggested the potential of urinary ferritin as a marker for transitional cell carcinoma. The rationale of the measurement, however, has not been investigated in det...

Although routine screening for bladder cancer is not recommended, microscopic hematuria is often incidentally discovered by primary care physicians. The American Urological Association has published an updated guideline for the management of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria, which is defined as the presence of three or more red blood cells per high-power field visible in a properly collected ...

BACKGROUND Because cystoscopy is invasive and expensive and urine cytology has low sensitivity, alternative methods for detecting bladder cancer are sought. Minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins have been used as diagnostic markers for cervical cancer. We investigated whether one Mcm protein, Mcm5, can be used to detect urothelial cancer cells in urine sediments. METHODS We used two monoc...

CONTEXT From 4%-6% of males subjected to radical cystectomy due to urothelial carcinoma will have urethral recurrence (UR) during the follow-up. OBJECTIVE To analyze the diagnosis, treatment and course of the patients with UR following a cystectomy. ACQUIRING OF EVIDENCE Analysis of original articles and reviews related with the diagnosis, treatment and course of patients subjected to radic...

BACKGROUND Upper urinary tract cancer is typically diagnosed with urine cytology and imaging techniques. These assays can be limited by sensitivity, specificity, or technical issues making some diagnoses difficult. CASE PRESENTATION A 73-year old man presented to the clinic with a right renal pelvis filling defect that was detected by a CT-scan performed for unrelated reasons. Urine cytology ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To evaluate retrospectively the clinical outcome of random bladder biopsies in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) undergoing transurethral resection (TUR). PATIENTS AND METHOD This study included 234 consecutive patients with NMIBC who underwent random biopsies from normal-appearing urothelium of the bladder, including the anterior wall, posterior wall, r...

Risk factors of urethral recurrence after neobladder in bladder cancer patients were studied. Between 1977 and 2001, 73 patients (male 58, female 15) underwent neobladder as a treatment for bladder cancer. The observation time after cystectomy ranged from 2 to 254 months (median 60.5). Ten (17.2%) of 58 male patients had urethral recurrence and of the 10, 8 patients had multiple bladder cancers...