Medieval Vienna was situated at the main arm of the swiftly flowing alpine Danube. From the fourteenth century onwards, the river gradually moved away from the city. This marked the beginning of 500 years of human intervention to prevent further displacement of the river and to preserve the waterway as a vital supply line. Archival research and the GIS-based reconstruction of the past riverscap...

The Mekong River delta is one of the largest agricultural land in the Southeast Asia. It plays a very important role for agriculture and fisheries in South Vietnam. However, comprehensive studies on the environmental pollution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Mekong River delta have not been carried out in recent years. In this study, we collected sediment samples from the Mekong Rive...

• An integrated regional spatial planning approach for river ecosystems is presented. Conservation goals and ecosystem services were combined in . Mountain areas identified as key protection of habitats. Riparian forest restoration valleys can benefit habitats soil erosion The fosters articulation between nature water directives goals.

‘Ihe Ipswich River is a low-gradient, coastal river in northeastem Massachusetts. It is about 55 km long and drains an area of 401 km’. Previous observations and studies indicate high levels of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the headwaters of the river due to urban and residential land use (1). However, concentrations drop quickly with distance downstream, presumably due to biological pr...

Global nitrogen (N) enrichment has resulted in increased nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emission that greatly contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction, but little is known about the N(2)O emissions from urban river networks receiving anthropogenic N inputs. We examined N(2)O saturation and emission in the Shanghai city river network, covering 6300 km(2), over 27 months. The over...

The purpose of this study was to quantify antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in the sediments of the mixed-landscape Cache La Poudre River, which has previously been studied and shown to have high concentrations of antibiotics related to urban and agricultural activities. River sediments were sampled during two events (high-flow and low-flow) from five sites with varying urban and agricultural i...

Analyzing spatiotemporal characteristics of the historical urbanization process is essential in understanding the dynamics of urbanization and scientifically planned urban development. Based on historical urban area maps and remote sensing images, this study examined the urban expansion of Shenyang from 1910 to 2010 using area statistics, typology identification, and landscape metrics approache...

intra- city natural structures have an important role in developing city qualities and the promotion of its aesthetic, ecological and social values which also allow people to have their recreational activities. as tehran river-valleys have been damaged according to users’ behaviors and irregular constructions, the present paper aims to identify the typical behavioral characters of tourists in d...

Understanding wetland changes under urbanization is important for wetland management. In this study, net transition intensity (NTI) and total transition intensity (TTI) are presented to characterize wetland transitions based on spatial data obtained from Landsat satellite images of Pearl River estuary in South China. NTI is commonly used to represent changes in absolute amounts for each class o...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Major environmental stressors of boreal and sub-arctic rivers are hydrological changes and global warming and both factors will significantly influence the future evolution of the river chemistry in high latitudes. We tested the hypothesis...