Quantifying vegetation fractional cover (VFC) and assessing its role in heat fluxes modeling using medium resolution remotely sensed data has received less attention than it deserves in heterogeneous urban regions. This study examined two approaches (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)-derived and Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA)-derived methods) that are commonly ...

In much of the Amazon Basin, approximately 70% of the population lives in urban areas and urbanward migration continues. Based on data collected over more than a decade in two long-settled regions of Amazonia, we find that rural–urban migration in the region is an extended and complex process. Like recent rural–urban migrants worldwide, Amazonian migrants, although they may be counted as urban ...

A distinct increase in fox populations, particularly in urban areas, has been observed in Europe. This is of particular concern in endemic regions of the small fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis, the aetiological agent of human alveolar echinococcosis. Novel tools have facilitated the investigation of the ecology of urban foxes and have demonstrated the urban wildlife cycle of E. multiloc...

INTRODUCTION Most of Australia’s large urban population centres are currently experiencing water shortages. Australia’s four largest urban centres have water storage volumes less than 50% of their capacities. This is due to an expansion in total urban water demand, in large part due to population growth, combined with reduced inflows to storages due to the ongoing drought in many parts of Austr...