background: forward head posture (fhp) is recognized as a common postural disorder of modern societies. increase in anterior cervical convexity and anterior displacement of the line of gravity of head in individuals with fhp is assumed to result in altered moment arms and muscle activity on cervical spine. measurement of muscle thickness seems to be an appropriate index for muscle activity. thi...

The evaluation and management of cervical spine injuries is a core component of the practice of emergency medicine. This article focuses on evaluation and management of blunt cervical spine trauma by the emergency physician. Pertinent anatomy of the cervical spine and specific cervical spine fractures are discussed, with an emphasis on unstable injuries and associated spinal cord pathology. The...

The description of cervical spine motion and the risk to sustain a cervical spine injury in traffic accidents is mainly based on rear-end collisions. The knowledge about frontal collisions is comparable low. Therefore the objective of this exploratory study was, to describe the in-vivo cervical spine motion and acceleration during simulated frontal sled collisions and to identify sequences of m...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of indirect spinal column injury in patients sustaining gunshot wounds to the head. METHODS A retrospective review of patient records and autopsy reports was conducted of patients admitted with gunshot wounds to the head between July of 1990 and September of 1995 were included. Those with gunshot wounds to the neck and those w...

The cervical spine allows humans to perform complex motions including lateral bending, twisting, and flexion/extension. The anatomical structures of the cervical spine, such as the cervical discs, facet joints, and ligaments, are constantly under stress due to everyday activities. Sustained stress over time causes injury and degeneration in the structures of the cervical spine and the developme...