THE MULTIFUNCTIONAL UPPER AIRWAY, its mechanical properties, and the muscles that control its shape and size are complex (Fig. 1). As highlighted by Fregosi and Ludlow (7) in their mini-review on activation of upper airway muscles during breathing and swallowing, precise coordination of the upper airway is essential for efficient swallowing. Sleep and the supine posture place additional demands...

Airway difficulties are a major concern for anesthesiologists. Even though fiberoptic intubation is the generally accepted method for management of difficult airways, it is not without disadvantages-requires patient cooperation, and cannot be performed on soiled airway or upper airways with pre-existing narrowing pathology. Additionally, fiberoptic bronchoscopy is not available at every medical...

In addition to presenting with respiratory signs, many dogs brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome show digestive tract signs related the same conformational abnormalities. A detailed diagnostic investigation is usually required, including clinicopathologic analyses, thoracic radiographs, fluoroscopic studies, abdominal ultrasound examinations and both upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. most...

We herein report anesthetic management during aortic valve replacement for aortic valve regurgitation in a patient with adult mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS type 2) (Hunter syndrome). This disorder is rare and related to the accumulation of a mucopolysaccharide in lysosomes. It affects various organs, including the airways, heart, and central nerves. In children with MPS type 2, the risk of...

Lymphangioma is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system, often involving areas of the head and neck. The involved structures may include enlarged tongue and lips, swelling of the floor of the mouth, and direct involvement of the upper respiratory tract. The definitive treatment for lymphangioma is surgery, often during the first years of life. Despite surgical removal, lymphangioma ma...

UNLABELLED Osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy (OT) is a rare benign disorder of the lower part of the trachea and the upper part of the main bronchus characterized by numerous submucosal calcified nodules, sessile, cartilaginous and/or osseous with laryngotracheobronchial lumen projection. There are less than 400 cases reported in the word literature. AIM to report and discuss 02 cases o...

Monitoring variations in the upper airway narrowing during sleep is invasive and expensive. Since snoring sounds are generated by air turbulence and vibrations of the upper airway due to its narrowing; snoring sounds may be used as a non-invasive technique to assess upper airway narrowing. Our goal was to develop a subject-specific acoustic model of the upper airway to investigate the impacts o...

1408 Practice Parameters—Aurora et al 1.0 INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a syndrome characterized by repetitive upper airway collapse or narrowing. Sequelae include adverse cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes, decline in quality of life, and neurocognitive impairment.1-4 In addition to lifestyle modifications such as weight loss, avoidance of alcohol or other agents that can de...

INTRODUCTION It has been suggested that mandibular setback surgery, combined or not with maxillary advancement as a treatment alternative for patients with mandibular prognathism, can induce changes in upper airway space (UAS). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the response of the upper airway in the oropharynx region of patients with Class III skeletal pattern that underwent bimaxillary or...