This technical note presents an extension of earlier analytical methods published in 1995 by Giroud et al. for evaluating the uplift of geomembranes by wind. The extension incorporates: (i) the influence on wind uplift of the slope inclination of an exposed geomembrane; and (ii) a more accurate expression of the tension-strain relationship in a wind uplifted geomembrane. Use of the revised meth...

rolling-based seismic isolation systems, in which rollers of circular or non-circular section are used, are less expensive and easier to manufacture. however, this type of isolation suffers from either lack of restoring or re-centering capability, or weakness against uplift forces. to resolve the first shortcoming the use of elliptical as well as pillow-shape rolling parts has been suggested, a...

The theories of critical orogenic wedges and fluvial erosion are combined to explore the interactions between tectonics, erosion, and climate. A model framework is developed which allows the derivation of an exact analytical scaling relationship for how orogen width, height, and rock uplift rate vary as a function of accretionary flux and precipitation rate. Compared to a model with prescribed ...

The Himalayan mountains are dissected by some of the deepest and most impressive gorges on Earth. Constraining the interplay between river incision and rock uplift is important for understanding tectonic deformation in this region. We report here the discovery of a deeply incised canyon of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, at the eastern end of the Himalaya, which is now buried under more than 500 met...

[1] Three-dimensional models of the uplift of Beta Regio caused by a mantle plume satisfy constraints on gravity, topography, rheology, and the uplift rate substantially better than two-dimensional models. In particular, the uplift time of Beta Regio is reduced to an acceptable 800 million years. Three-dimensional models give the plume formation depth around 3000 km, which approximately corresp...

Cracked concrete arch dam’s behavior due to moderate earthquake magnitude and water pressure variation was investigated. Plain used cast the models with 45 Mpa design strength. A shake table has been planned, manufactured, built create a dynamic testing facility. The experimental work included of four scaled-down dams’ models, which is divided into two groups, each group contains different degr...

Concentrations of cosmogenic Al and Be in cave sediments and bedrock surfaces, combined with studies of landscape morphology, elucidate the topographic history of the southern Sierra Nevada over the past 5 Ma. Caves dated by Al/Be in buried sediments reveal that river incision rates were moderate to slow between c. 5 and 3 Ma (≤0·07 mm a), accelerated between 3 and 1·5 Ma (c. 0·3 mm a−), and th...

In this paper, we develop a new axisymmetric analytic model of surface uplift upon sills and laccoliths, based on the formulation of a thin bending plate lying on an elastic foundation. In contrast to most former models also based on thin bending plate formulation, our model accounts for (i) axi-symmetrical uplift, (ii) both upon and outside the intrusion. The model accounts for shallow intrusi...

Patterns of late Palaeogene mammalian evolution appear to be very different between Eurasia and North America. Around the Eocene-Oligocene (EO) transition global temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere plummet: following this, European mammal faunas undergo a profound extinction event (the Grande Coupure), while in North America they appear to pass through this temperature event unscathed. Here...

The Anthocoris nemorum group belongs to the Anthocoridae (Hemiptera), and is an important group of predators of agricultural pests. A phylogeny was constructed in conjunction with dispersal-vicariance analysis of the Anthocoris nemorum group species in order to discern the relationships between the phylogeographical structuring of A. nemorum group species, and the effects of the Qinghai-Tibet p...