In this Article, the author documents the trajectory of the Association to Benefit Children’s approach to pediatric HIV testing. Part I focuses on ABC’s lawsuit on behalf of children with HIV in New York and documents the settlement process, which resulted in allowing mothers to know the results of the HIV test results. Next, the author reflects on why the debate became as acrimonious as it did...

Risk assessment procedures for underground projects form a key component of preconstruction efforts since resulting ground movements may cause damage to adjacent structures. Particularly for urban tunnelling works, surface settlements may impinge on a vast number of structures and can result in significant lawsuits if appropriate building protection measures are not implemented. Although the un...

Dissatisfaction with work boot design is common in the mining industry. Many underground coal miners believe their work boots contribute to the high incidence of lower limb injuries they experience. Despite this, the most recent research to examine underground coal mining work boot satisfaction was conducted over a decade ago. This present study aimed to address this gap in the literature by as...

With the fast development and utilization of underground space resource in cities, the spatial distribution of urban underground pipelines becomes more and more complex. How to efficiently utilize the latest technology, realize underground space resources' management, visualization, layout optimization and mine applications, are challenging issues in current digital city development. Taking int...

– The archaeological structures buried underground are displayed by utilizing GPR. Geomorphological units determined via SVF and RRIM in the GIS environment. effects of dry farming, site-tethered pastoralism is discussed using an ABM.

Globally, an enormous number of polluted areas are in need of remediation to prevent adverse effects on health and environment. In situ remediation and especially the monitoring thereof needs further development to avoid costly and hazardous shipments associated with excavation. The monitoring of in situ remediation actions needs easier and cheaper nondestructive methods for evaluation and veri...

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a shallow geophysical method for detecting and locating subsurface targets. The GPR image echo characteristics of complex underground structures can be obtained by carrying out forward modeling research. traditional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) has low efficiency accuracy. alternating direction implicit FDTD (ADI-FDTD) algorithm surmounts the stability ...

This paper studies the issue of tax evasion in the context of the underground economy. A dynamic general equilibrium model is built where individual households and entrepreneurs decide rationally whether to go underground and under-report their earnings. These behaviors affect tax revenues, which are used to finance productive public services. This model is applied to the Czech Republic, becaus...