New realizations of observables in dynamical systems with second class constraints. Abstract In the Dirac bracket approach to dynamical systems with second class constraints observables are represented by elements of a quotient Dirac bracket algebra. We describe families of new realizations of this algebra through quotients of the original Poisson algebra. Explicite expressions for generators a...

In these notes we briefly review asymptotic results for the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process and the totally asymmetric constant-rate zero-range process, in the presence of particles with different priorities. We review the Law of Large Numbers for a second class particle added to those systems and we present the proof of crossing probabilities for a second and a third class particle...

BACKGROUND Despite frequent calls to improve undergraduate medical public health teaching, little is known about whether curricula have changed. We report a survey of undergraduate public health teaching in UK medical schools in 1996. The survey aimed to assess whether the General Medical Council's 1993 recommendations to strengthen undergraduate medical education in public health have been imp...

Imagine that the particles in the system are each called either first class or second class. The evolution is the same as before, except that if a second-class particle attempts to go to a site occupied by a first-class particle, it is not allowed to do so, while if a first-class particle attempts to move to a site occupied by a second-class particle, the two particles exchange positions. In ot...

Although literature suggests that providing culturally sensitive care promotes positive health outcomes for patients, undergraduate medical education currently does not provide adequate cultural competency training. At most schools, cultural competency, as a formal, integrated, and longitudinal thread within the overall curriculum, is still in its infancy. In this article, the authors summarize...

Medical education is a leading step in improving the quality of health services all over the world; in recent years such an important issue has changed tremendously. New concepts and theories were introduced particularly in undergraduate medical education [1], these may include beyond curriculum education and the concept of problem based learning (PBL) [2,3]. The latter was introduced by Barrow...

We report observations of space-group-forbidden Bragg re ections in Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KH2PO4), also known as KDP, measured by resonant x-ray di raction at the potassium K edge. We nd clear evidence for a transition from one class of space-groupforbidden re ections, where scattering is ruled out by the electric dipole approximation, to a second class, in the ferroelectric phase, wh...

The focus on fundamental clinical skills in undergraduate medical education has declined over the last several decades. Dramatic growth in the number of faculty involved in teaching and increasing clinical and research commitments have contributed to depersonalization and declining individual attention to students. In contrast to the close teaching and mentoring relationship between faculty and...

Shafi R, Quadri KH, Ahmed W, Mahmud SN, Iqbal M. Experience with a theme-based integrated renal module for a second-year MBBS class. Adv Physiol Educ 34: 15–19, 2010; doi:10.1152/advan.00069.2009.—Integrated learning is the need of the hour. We at Shifa College of Medicine switched to an integrated modular curriculum last year. In the present article, we describe our experience with the renal m...

Spacetime non-commutativity appears in string theory. In this paper, the non-commutativity in string theory is reviewed. At first we review that a Dp-brane is equivalent to a configuration of infinitely many D(p− 2)-branes. If we consider the worldvolume as that of the Dp-brane, coordinates of the Dp-brane is commutative. On the other hand if we deal with the worldvolume as that of the D(p− 2)-...