The dramatic growth in Web-based data input interfaces by businesses, organizations and governmental entities, has in a few short years produced a paradigm shift in the manner in which individual data makes its way into data stores. The potential increase in error resulting from that change is unaccounted for in the Information Systems literature. In this study, a theory is presented in which t...

In genetic association studies, unaccounted population stratification can cause spurious associations in a discovery process of identifying disease-associated genetic markers. In such a situation, prior information is often available for some subjects' population identities. To leverage the additional information, we propose a semi-supervised clustering approach for detecting population stratif...

This paper proposes an architecture referred to as Stability Overlay (SO) for adaptive control of a class of nonlinear time-varying plants. The SO can be implemented in parallel with awide range of ‘‘performancebased’’ adaptive control laws, i.e., adaptive control laws that seek to improve closed-loop performance, but may be susceptible to instability in the presence of unaccounted model uncert...

Environments are complex socioecological systems demanding interdisciplinary research and conservation. Despite significant progress in characterizing socioecological complexity, including important inroads for measuring human wellbeing through ecosystem services approaches, cultural interactions with ecosystems remain poorly understood. Inadequate knowledge of cultural dimensions of ecosystems...

There is now strong evidence suggesting that the CO J=1–0 transition, widely used to trace H2 gas, significantly underestimates its mass in metal-poor regions. In spiral disks such regions are found in large galactocentric distances where we show that any unaccounted H2 gas phase is likely to be diffuse (n ∼ 5− 20 cm−3) and warmer (Tkin ∼ 50− 100 K) than the cool (Tkin ∼ 15− 20 K) CO-luminous o...

INTRODUCTION Although mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis is mainly based on cognitive assessment, reliable estimates of structural changes in specific brain regions, that could be contrasted against normal brain aging and inform diagnosis, are lacking. This study aimed to systematically review the literature reporting on MCI-related brain changes. METHODS The MEDLINE database was searc...

Establishing and exactly keeping constraints of high relative degrees is a central problem of the modern sliding-mode control. Its solution in finite-time is based on so-called high-order sliding modes, and is reduced to finite-time stabilization of an auxiliary uncertain system. Such stabilization is mostly based on the homogeneity approach. Robust exact differentiators are also developed in t...

Functional polymorphisms that alter gene expression and mRNA processing appear to play a critical role in shaping human phenotypic variability. Intensive studies on polymorphisms affecting drug response have revealed multiple modes of altered gene function, frequently involving cis-acting regulatory sequence variants. Experimental and in silico methods have advanced the search for such polymorp...

Relationships between composition of secondary vegetation and environment were studied in central North Island, New Zealand. A classification procedure was used to identify broad compositional groups which included forest, broadleaved scrub, shrub-fernland, sclerophyllous scrub and shrubland, and tussock-shrubland. Generalised additive models (GAMs) were used to examine relationships between sp...