through sites of stalled or blocked DNA replication (repli-cative bypass or translesion DNA synthesis) (Friedberg et al., 1995). However, until recently, understanding exactly how the products of SOS-induced genes modify the replicative machinery to facilitate error-prone transle-sion synthesis has posed a formidable biochemical challenge. Even less was known about how such gene products might ...

We propose and evaluate a mode-of-action based test battery of low-complexity and in-vitro bioassays that can be used as a routine monitoring tool for sewage treatment efficiency and water quality assessment. The test battery comprises five bioassays covering five different modes of toxic action. The bioluminescence inhibition test with Vibrio fischeri and a growth rate inhibition test with the...

Purpose: There are few molecular markers known to predict upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC) prognosis. Snail, which contributes to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), has been documented in cancer progression, but not clear yet in UTUC. We therefore addressed the expression and biological significance of Snail in UTUC. Experimental Design: To elucidate the biological signifi...

We have previously established the efficacy of adenoviral gene delivery vectors for the treatment of bladder carcinoma in vivo. In the present work, we developed a gene therapy strategy for bladder cancer based on the replacement of the tumor suppressor pi6, which is known to be mutated or deleted in a variety of human tumors, including those derived from the bladder. Previous reports have demo...

The SOS response in Escherichia coli involves the induction of a multioperon regulatory system, which copes with the presence of DNA lesions that interfere with DNA replication. Induction depends on activation of the RecA protein to cleave the LexA repressor of SOS operons. In addition to inducible DNA repair, the SOS system produces a large increase in the frequency of point mutations. To exam...

One of the oldest observations in cancer biology is that transformed cells display a disturbed cytoskeleton. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain only partly understood. In an effort to identify possible mechanisms, we contrast the proteome of pancreatic cancer to matched normal pancreas and we observe diminished protein levels of gelsolin an actin filament severing and capping protein of...