We present results of numerical 3D MHD simulations with radiative energy transfer of fine structure in a small sunspot of about 4 Mm width. The results show the development of filamentary structure with nearly field-free gaps, interlaced by concentrations of stronger magnetic field at the interface between the umbra and the outer field-free atmosphere. Calculated synthetic images show dark core...

This paper presents an approach to shadow removal that preserves texture consistency between the original shadow and lit area. Illumination reduction in the shadow area not only darkens that area, but also changes the texture characteristics there. We achieve textureconsistent shadow removal by constructing a shadow-free and textureconsistent gradient field. First, we estimate an illumination c...

High resolution 2D-spectro-polarimetric observations have been used to analyse the magnetic field and flow topologies of a penumbral connection between two opposite polarity solar pores. A filamentary structured Evershed-like material flow from one pore to the other along the magnetic field lines has been detected. The flow channels are co-spatial with bright penumbral filaments close to the po...

This paper delves deeply into the recently introduced mathematical morphology based on discrete t-norms. Closing and opening operators and the concepts of open and closed objects are introduced. All the properties satisfied by nilpotent t-norms, even the generalized idempotence, hold too. After that, some experimental results, using comparative measures, on edge detection are showed. Some exper...

In this paper we present a computational approach to key aspects of understanding social interactions. First, we specify a class of problems – understanding fables – that require inference about agents’ mental states from their behavior. After this, we review earlier work on UMBRA, an abductive system for single-agent plan understanding, and describe extensions that let it deal with multiagent ...

Sunspot penumbrae show a fine structure in continuum intensity that displays considerable dynamics. The magnetic field, in contrast, although also highly structured, has appeared to be relatively static. Here we report the discovery of inward moving magnetic enhancements in the penumbrae of two regular sunspots based on time series of SOHO/MDI magnetograms. Local enhancements of the LOS compone...

This is the fifth, and last, installment of the saga on the Umbral Transfer-Matrix method, based on Gian-Carlo Rota’s seminal notion of the umbra. Here we extend the powerful GouldenJackson Cluster method, that enables one to compute generating functions enumerating words that avoid, as factors, any given finite set of “mistakes”, to the case where there are infinitely many mistakes. This infin...