Starting with the Wigner function formulation for beam wave propagation in Hölder continuous non-Gaussian random refractive index fields we show that the wave beam regime naturally leads to the white-noise scaling limit and converges to a Gaussian Markovian model which is characterized the martingale problem associated to a stochastic differential-integral equation of the Ito type. In the geome...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com and the Relative Tumor Density index [2] (a mathematical ratio between the percentual area occupied by tumor in a particular anatomic region and the total skin surface area of that region). Thus, 80-85% of all BCC reported in medical literature have been located on the head and neck, 15% on the trunk and less than 2% in areas considered unusual, suc...

We describe a procedure to take into account the spatial dispersion of the optical excitations in the susceptibility sum rules. We show that this implies that relativistic corrections of the same order must be considered. The final result is a decrease of the total oscillator strength equal to the ratio of the average electron kinetic energy with mc. We propose experiments with synchrotron radi...

background; the aim of this study is to compare uv, ferrate (vi) and uv/ferrate (vi) methods for removal of hydrogen sulfide and chemical oxygen demand (cod) from municipal wastewater under a continuous condition. methods; the experiment was divided into three parts: 1) pollutants removal by using ferrate (vi) alone; 2) pollutants removal using uv alone; 3) pollutants removal using a combinatio...

persistence of benthiocarb in soil as affected by uv and sunlight exposure was studied. treated soil was placed in petri plate, brought to field capacity moisture and then exposed to uv and sunlight. residues of benthiocarb in soil dissipated with half lives of 2.10, 11.85 and 43.63 days under uv, sunlight and dark condition, respectively. soil samples kept under dark showed the slowest dissipa...

introduction: ultraviolet (uv) radiation affects human organs such as skin, eyes and immune system, as well as animals and plants. the main natural source of uv radiation is the sun. to study the effects of solar uv radiation there is a need to quantify variations of solar energy received on the earth surface at different intervals. materials and methods: to measure uv radiation a broadband fib...

We report the experimental realization of an optical metamaterial composed of a hexagonal array of coaxial plasmonic metal/insulator/metal waveguides that shows strong polarization-independent optical mode index dispersion in the ultraviolet/blue. The metamaterial is composed of silicon coaxes with a well-defined diameter in the range of 150-168 nm with extremely thin sidewalls (13-15 nm), embe...

In this work, we present a new photochromic tungstate based glass which have both absorption coefficient and refractive index modified under laser exposure. The photosensitive effect is superficial under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation but occurs in the entire volume of the glass under visible irradiation. The effect can be obtained in any specific point inside the volume using an infrared femtose...

This paper presents system development for quality evaluation of fish fillet using image processing. The proposed system consists of conveyer belt, Ultraviolet (UV) lamp, CCD Camera, electronic circuits, interface card and computer. K-means clustering and thresholding techniques are used for quality evaluation of fish fillet. The image segments are used to calculated area of fish fillet and fis...

We demonstrate that phase shifts larger than 2π can be induced by all-optical tuning in silicon waveguides of a few micrometers in length. By generating high concentrations of free carriers in the silicon employing absorption of ultrashort, ultraviolet laser pulses, the refractive index of silicon can be drastically reduced. As a result, the resonance wavelength of optical resonators can be fre...